ELISA-based Protein Arrays: Multiplexed Sandwich Immunoassays

Protein arrays with ability to simultaneously detect multiple protein expression levels, protein-protein interactions, protein-DNA or RNA interactions, protein-small molecule interactions and protein modifications will be an excellent tool in biomedical discovery. A variety of technologies have been developed to meet this need. In general, these assay systems can be divided into two major categories: label-based approaches, and sandwich or enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA)-based approaches. The purpose of this review is to provide an overview of the principles and techniques of ELISA-based protein arrays, with particular emphasis on the use of ELISA-based protein arrays for detection of multiple protein expression levels.