Arylidenemalononitriles as Versatile Synthons in Heterocyclic Synthesis

Background: Arylidenemalononitriles are valuable synthons for the construction of a variety of novel complex heterocyclic motifs, fused heterocycle derivatives, and spirocyclic compounds. They are versatile chemical intermediates and have increasing applications in industry, agriculture, medicine, and biological science. Objective: The aim of this review is to highlight the preparation methods and reactions of arylidenemalononitriles in the synthesis of various heterocyclic compounds. Conclusion: In this review, we have presented the application of arylidenemalononitriles to construct a variety of heterocycles. Various catalysts for the preparation of arylidnemalononitriles have been described.