Synthesis of Heterocycles via Intramolecular Annulation of Nitrene Intermediates

This article presents a comprehensive review of synthetically useful intramolecular annulation reactions of nitrene and nitrenoid intermediates leading to heterocyclic compounds. Thermal, photochemical, and metal mediated reactions of aryl- and vinylazides, azirines, nitroso, and nitro compounds leading to synthetically useful yields of heterocycles are discussed.