CNS & Neurological Disorders - Drug Targets (Formerly Current Drug Targets - CNS & Neurological Disorders) - Volume 9, Issue 6, 2010
Volume 9, Issue 6, 2010
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Commentary
Authors: Oscar Arias-Carrion and Maria StamelouResearch Highlights Hoever, P.; de Haas, S.; Winkler, J.; Schoemaker, R.C.; Chiossi, E.; van Gerven, J.; Dingemanse, J. Orexin receptor antagonism, a new sleep-promoting paradigm: an ascending single-dose study with almorexant. Clin Pharmacol Ther, 2010, 87, 593-600. Targeting the Orexin System: A New Approach for Treating Insomnia Sleep is an essential part of our everyday lives that matters more than most people reali Read More
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Editorial [Hot Topic: Drug Discovery for CNS Disorders: From Bench to Bedside (Guest Editor: Tiago Fleming Outeiro)]
Authors: Aleksey G. Kazantsev and Tiago Fleming OuteiroThe recent biological revolution, spurred by the various genome projects, will lead to novel discoveries of the basic principles governing biological processes in the cell and, as a consequence, to a thorough understanding of life in general. The aging of the human population has uncovered a panoply of novel disorders which threaten the overall balance of modern societies. Among these diseases, neurodegenerative condition Read More
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Development of Novel Genomic Blood Biomarkers for Neurodegenerative Diseases
Authors: Fran Borovecki and Mario HabekGenomic blood biomarkers hold great promise for development of novel clinical and therapeutic approaches in patients with neurodegenerative diseases. Such biomarkers could prove invaluable in early disease diagnosis, monitoring of disease progression, or assessment of response to therapy. More importantly, they could be helpful in search for disease-modifying new therapies which are very much needed in modern Read More
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Organelle Stress Sensors and Cell Death Mechanisms in Neurodegenerative Diseases
Neurodegenerative diseases trigger neuronal cell death by a variety of endogenous suicide pathways. Although cell death may occur through highly heterogeneous processes, specific cell organelles and stress sensors have shown promise as potential therapeutic targets. The plasma membrane senses stress through residing receptors, which can directly or indirectly activate apoptosis. Importantly, several events involved in neur Read More
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Phenotypic Screening Strategies for Neurodegenerative Diseases: A Pathway to Discover Novel Drug Candidates and Potential Disease Targets or Mechanisms
By R. M. PrussTarget-directed drug design, although a conceptually rational approach, is only one strategy for drug discovery. In the case of neurodegenerative diseases where molecular targets and disease mechanisms are unknown, even when specific genes are known to trigger the disease, phenotypic screening offers another approach. This review describes the establishment of phenotypic screening assays using primary neurons subj Read More
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Autophagy in the Central Nervous System: Implications for Neurodegenerative Disorders
Authors: Maria Xilouri and Leonidas StefanisThe autophagy-lysosomal pathway is a major proteolytic pathway that in mammalian systems mainly comprises of macroautophagy and chaperone-mediated autophagy. The former is relatively non-selective and involves bulk degradation of proteins and organelles, whereas the latter is selective for certain cytosolic proteins. These autophagy pathways are important in development, differentiation, cellular remodeling Read More
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Wnt Signalling is a Relevant Pathway Contributing to Amyloid Beta-Peptide-Mediated Neuropathology in Alzheimer's Disease
One of the most important contributions to our understanding of neurodegenerative diseases in the last decade has been the demonstration that several disorders have a common biochemical cause, involving aggregation and deposition of abnormal proteins. Abnormal protein deposition leads to neuronal degeneration with consequences to impaired brain function. Protein deposition can be extracellular (beta-amyloid pep Read More
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Tau Phosphorylation and Aggregation as a Therapeutic Target in Tauopathies
Authors: Nahuai Badiola, Marc Suarez-Calvet and Alberto LleoTauopathies are neurodegenerative diseases characterized by insoluble hyperphosphorylated deposits of the microtubuleassociated protein tau in the central nervous system. In these disorders, tau is believed to cause neurodegeneration and neuronal loss due to the loss of function of the normal protein, and/or the gain of toxic properties by generating multimeric species. The obstacles found in amyloid-based therapies in Read More
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Molecular Chaperones as Rational Drug Targets for Parkinson's Disease Therapeutics
Authors: S. K. Kalia, L. V. Kalia and P. J. McLeanParkinson's disease is a neurodegenerative movement disorder that is caused, in part, by the loss of dopaminergic neurons within the substantia nigra pars compacta of the basal ganglia. The presence of intracellular protein aggregates, known as Lewy bodies and Lewy neurites, within the surviving nigral neurons is the defining neuropathological feature of the disease. Accordingly, the identification of specific genes mutate Read More
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Neurotrophic Factors as a Protective Strategy in Parkinson's Disease
Authors: Maria Jose Diogenes and Tiago Fleming OuteiroNeurodegenerative disorders are devastating human diseases that include Parkinson's, Huntington's, Alzheimer's, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, and the frontal temporal dementias. Although the clinical manifestations of these disorders have been known for quite some time, our understanding of the molecular underpinnings is only starting to emerge. Protein misfolding and aggregation is a common hallmark among these disease Read More
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Diagnosis, Pathogenesis and Therapeutic Targets in Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis
Authors: Julia Costa, Catarina Gomes and Mamede de CarvalhoAmyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS) is a fatal neurodegenerative disease of the motor system. The diagnosis is clinical, but additional investigations such as electromyography, transcranial magnetic stimulation and neuroimaging have demonstrated their usefulness in supporting diagnosis. Exhaustive research for the identification of molecular markers in the cerebrospinal fluid and plasma of ALS patients have been made; h Read More
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Genetic Determinants of Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis as Therapeutic Targets
Authors: Daryl A. Bosco and John E. LandersAmyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is an incurable disease resulting from the deterioration of motor neurons. The onset of disease typically occurs in the fifth decade of life and progresses rapidly; death occurs for 75% of patients within 5 years. The only drug that is available to treat ALS is riluzole, which extends survival by just 2-3 months. Thus, new therapeutic directions are being sought to prolong the lifespan of ALS pati Read More
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Targeting Kynurenine 3-Monooxygenase (KMO): Implications for Therapy in Huntington's Disease
More LessHuntington's disease (HD) is an adult onset neurodegenerative disease caused by a polyglutamine expansion in the huntingtin protein. Recent work has shown that perturbation of kynurenine pathway (KP) metabolism is a hallmark of HD pathology, and that changes in brain levels of KP metabolites may play a causative role in this disease. The KP contains three neuroactive metabolites, the neurotoxins 3-hydroxykynuren Read More
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Schwann Cells as a Therapeutic Target for Peripheral Neuropathies
Authors: Helmar C. Lehmann and Ahmet HokeSchwann cells, the myelin forming cells in the peripheral nervous system, play a key role in the pathology of various inflammatory, metabolic and hereditary polyneuropathies. Advances in identifying growth factors and signaling molecules that are expressed by Schwann cells have paved the way for development of new treatment strategies that are aimed to improve the protective and regenerative properties of Schwann cell Read More
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Are Anti-Angiogenic Drugs Useful in Neurodegenerative Disorders?
Recently, a pivotal role for neuroinflammation in the pathogenesis of several neurodegenerative diseases has been recognized. Once activated, glial cells produce pathological amounts of neurotoxic substances driving neurodegeneration into chronic progression through a self-propagating cycle. Nevertheless, mounting evidence suggests that also angiogenesis may importantly contribute to neurodegeneration, since activat Read More
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Volumes & issues
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Volume 24 (2025)
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Volume 23 (2024)
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Volume 22 (2023)
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Volume 21 (2022)
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Volume 20 (2021)
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Volume 19 (2020)
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Volume 18 (2019)
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Volume 17 (2018)
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Volume 16 (2017)
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Volume 15 (2016)
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Volume 14 (2015)
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Volume 13 (2014)
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Volume 12 (2013)
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Volume 11 (2012)
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Volume 10 (2011)
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Volume 9 (2010)
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Volume 8 (2009)
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Volume 7 (2008)
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Volume 6 (2007)
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Volume 5 (2006)
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A Retrospective, Multi-Center Cohort Study Evaluating the Severity- Related Effects of Cerebrolysin Treatment on Clinical Outcomes in Traumatic Brain Injury
Authors: Dafin F. Muresanu, Alexandru V. Ciurea, Radu M. Gorgan, Eva Gheorghita, Stefan I. Florian, Horatiu Stan, Alin Blaga, Nicolai Ianovici, Stefan M. Iencean, Dana Turliuc, Horia B. Davidescu, Cornel Mihalache, Felix M. Brehar, Anca . S. Mihaescu, Dinu C. Mardare, Aurelian Anghelescu, Carmen Chiparus, Magdalena Lapadat, Viorel Pruna, Dumitru Mohan, Constantin Costea, Daniel Costea, Claudiu Palade, Narcisa Bucur, Jesus Figueroa and Anton Alvarez
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