CNS & Neurological Disorders - Drug Targets (Formerly Current Drug Targets - CNS & Neurological Disorders) - Volume 22, Issue 5, 2023

It is believed that degenerative conditions that give rise to neurological diseases may share an abnormal influx of Ca2+, mainly through glutamate receptors. Current research on the glutamatergic system indicates that the N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor (NMDAR) is not the only receptor permeable to Ca2+. Under certain conditions, α -amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic acid receptors (AMPARs) are able to ra Read More

Background: Medulloblastomas (MB) are the most common malignant brain tumors in the pediatric age. In 2021, WHO categorized medulloblastomas into two groups: molecularly defined and histologically defined medulloblastomas. Molecularly defined medulloblastomas are divided into WNTactivated medulloblastoma, SHH-activated and TP53-wildtype medulloblastoma, SHH-activated, and TP53-mutant and n Read More

Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), the causative agent responsible for coronavirus disease (COVID-19), is an issue of global concern since March 2020. The respiratory manifestations of COVID-19 have widely been explained in the last couple of months of the pandemic. Initially, the virus was thought to be restricted to the pulmonary system; however, as time progressed and cases increased d Read More

Autistic spectrum disorder (ASD) is a complicated developmental disease characterized by persistent difficulties in social interaction, speech and nonverbal communication, and restricted/ repetitive activities. Our goal is to deliver a step ahead awareness on neurodevelopment in ASD through early behavioral screenings, genetic testing, and detection of various environmental triggers. This would significantly reduce the tally of Read More

The autosomal recessive cerebellar ataxias (ARCAs) compose a clinically and genetically heterogeneous group of neurodegenerative diseases characterized by prominent cerebellar ataxia, dysmetria, dysarthria, and nystagmus that are inherited in an autosomal recessive fashion. The diagnosis of ARCAs is challenging because of their low prevalence, poor medical recognition, and heterogeneous clinical presentation wi Read More

Epilepsy and migraine are chronic neurological disorders with shared clinical as well as pathophysiological mechanisms. Epileptic patients are at a higher risk of developing migraine compared to normal individuals and vice versa. Several genetic and environmental risk factors have been reported to be associated with the development of both diseases. Previous studies have already established standard genetic markers in Read More

The effects of a sufficient amount of vitamins and nutrients on the proper function of the nervous system have always been regarded by scientists. In recent years, many studies have been done on controlling or improving the symptoms of neurological and behavioral disorders created by changes in the level of vitamins and other nutrition, such as omega-3 and iron supplements. Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a neurod Read More

Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disease that involves several impaired neuronal pathways. Modulating the amyloid-beta (β-amyloid) system is being tested to treat AD. Amyloid-beta neurotoxicity is associated with neuroinflammation and plaque formation, further progressing to AD. Protecting neurons from β-amyloid neurotoxicity could be an efficient strategy for the treatment of AD. Thymoquinon Read More

Objective: To evaluate the safety and effectiveness of levetiracetam and phenytoin by evaluating the events of seizure termination and recurrence in children. Methods: We used the internet databases PubMed, Embase, and Google Scholar to conduct a literature search for the appropriate studies. A meta-analysis was performed to calculate the odds ratio using fixed and random-effects models. Results: We identified 15 stu Read More

Background: Vitamin D has been extensively studied for its role in immune modulation, especially in the process of tolerance induction. The loss of tolerance towards self-antigens is the basis of several autoimmune disorders; this seems to be related to lower levels of Vitamin D. A neurological autoimmune disorder due to the loss of tolerance to compounds at the neuromuscular junction is known as Myasthenia Gravis (MG). Obj Read More

Background: Twenty million Americans suffer from peripheral nerve injury (PNI) and approximately $150 billion is spent annually in the United States for the treatment of nerve injuries. Moreover, 50,000 cases of PNI repairs are performed annually in the United States, with even less than 42% experiencing satisfactory sensory recovery. Available therapies control painful symptoms but do not treat axonal degeneration or n Read More

Background: Epilepsy is a common neurological disorder affecting more than 70 million people worldwide. Despite numerous efforts on new antiepileptic drugs, approximately one-third of epilepsy patients suffer from uncontrolled seizures. It leads to serious psychosocial consequences, cognitive problems, and decreased quality of life. Objective: Our previous studies have shown that N. incisum root extract (NRE) can imp Read More