CNS & Neurological Disorders - Drug Targets (Formerly Current Drug Targets - CNS & Neurological Disorders) - Volume 17, Issue 7, 2018

Background: The evidence based supports that multifactorial and complex immune interactions play a role in autism spectrum disorders (ASD), but contradictory findings are also reported. Objective: The aim of this selective review was to identify trends in the research literature on this topic, focusing on immunology and other aberrations with respect to the different ASD subtypes. Methods: This selective review is based on ori Read More

Background & Objective: Multiple sclerosis is an autoimmune demyelinating disease of the human central nervous system with still unknown etiology. Infiltration, accumulation and activation of autoreactive T cells, macrophages and other inflammatory immune cells in the CNS are the crucial steps in MS neuropathogenesis and development. Chemokines and their receptors play the main role in the attraction of the pat Read More

Background: Aphasia is a common complication after stroke, and traditional speech and language therapy (SLT) has a limited effect on post-stroke aphasia (PSA). While there has been an increasing number of controlled clinical trials on the efficacy of drugs in the treatment of PSA, there have been very few systematic reviews on the efficacy and safety of pharmacological treatments in people with PSA. Objective: To evaluate t Read More

Background: Pridopidine, a compound in clinical trials for Huntington's disease treatment, was originally synthesized as a dopamine D2 receptor (D2R) ligand, but later found to possess higher affinity for the sigma-1 receptor (S1R). However, the putative contributions of D2R and S1R to the behavioral profile of acutely administered pridopidine have not been investigated. Objective: The present study sought to compare the e Read More

Background & Objective: The adolescent brain has a higher vulnerability to alcoholinduced neurotoxicity, compared to adult's brain. Most studies have investigated the effect of ethanol consumption on the body, however, methanol consumption, which peaked in the last years, is still poorly explored. Method: In this study, we investigated the effects of methanol neurotoxicity on memory function and pathological outcomes in Read More

Background: Radiation therapy is widely used for the treatment of pituitary adenomas. Unfortunately, it might raise the risk of ischemic stroke, with neuroinflammation being a major pathological process. Astrocytes are the most abundant cell type in the central nervous system and have been reported for playing important roles in ischemic stroke. Objective: Here we studied how γ-radiation would introduce astrocytes into a det Read More

Background & Objective: Notoginsenoside R1 (NGR1) is one of the main effective components of Panax notoginseng. Method: Primary cortical neurons were harvested from neonatal rats and cultured to analyze the role of NGR1 in neuronal growth and the effects of NGR1 on the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway. Following treatment with NGR1, immunocytochemistry was used to detect expression of Tuj1 and MAP2, and Read More

Background: Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is the most aggressive and malignant primary brain tumor characterized by rapid growth and extensive infiltration to neighboring normal brain parenchyma, which contribute to tumor recurrence and poor prognosis. Myricetin is a natural flavonoid with potent anti-oxidant, anti-inflammatory and anti-cancer activities, which may serve as a potential and harmless agent for Read More