CNS & Neurological Disorders - Drug Targets (Formerly Current Drug Targets - CNS & Neurological Disorders) - Volume 17, Issue 6, 2018

Background: Aluminum (Al) causes neurodegeneration and its toxic effects on cholinergic system in the brain is well documented. However, it is unknown whether and how Al changes oscillation patterns, driven by the cholinergic system, in the hippocampus. Objective: We studied acute effects of Al on nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs)-mediated modulation of persistent gamma oscillations in the hippocampus. M Read More

Background & Objective: Medicinal plants have attracted great attention in the recent years and is increasingly applied instead of the chemical drugs. Several documents showed that herbal medicine traditionally and clinically applied in the cure and prevention of several diseases. In the recent years, different medicinal plants and their main components have been chosen in neurological therapy. The less toxic effects, av Read More

Background: Alzheimer's disease (AD) is characterized by the accumulation and deposition of β-amyloid peptides leading to a progressive neuronal damage and cell loss. Besides several hypotheses for explaining the neurodegenerative mechanisms, oxidative stress has been considered to be one of them. Till date, there is no cure for AD, but the pathogenesis of the disease could be delayed by the use of natural antioxidants. I Read More

Background: Migraine is a disabling neuroinflammatory condition characterized by increasing the levels of interleukin (IL)-6, a proinflammatory cytokine and C-reactive protein (CRP) which considered as a vascular inflammatory mediator, disrupting the integrity of blood-brain barrier and contributing to neurogenic inflammation, and disease progression. Curcumin and ω-3 fatty acids can exert neuroprotective effects throu Read More

Background: Cinnamon polyphenol extract is a traditional spice commonly used in different areas of the world for the treatment of different disease conditions which are associated with inflammation and oxidative stress. Despite many preclinical studies showing the anti-oxidative and antiinflammatory effects of cinnamon, the underlying mechanisms in signaling pathways via which cinnamon protects the brain after br Read More

Background & Objective: A series of novel 3-Substituted-1,3,4,5-Tetrahydro-2H-benzo [b] azepine-2-one Derivatives (4, 5, 7, 10, 12, 5a-j, 8a-e) were synthesized from 1,2,3,4-Tetrahydro-1- naphthalenone. The structures of these compounds were confirmed by IR, 1H NMR, 13C NMR, MASS spectra and elemental analysis. Their anticonvulsant activity was evaluated by the maximal electroshock (MES) test, subcutaneous pentylenetetr Read More

Background & Objective: Continuously active neurogenic regions in the adult brain are located in the subventricular zone (SVZ) of the lateral ventricles and subgranular zone of the hippocampal dentate gyrus. Neurogenesis is modulated by many factors such as growth factors, neurotransmitters and hormones. Neuropsychiatric drugs, especially antidepressants, mood stabilizers and antipsychotics may also affe Read More

Background: In the lymphocyte migration across the blood-brain barrier (BBB) in multiple sclerosis (MS), matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) play an important role in the degradation of the basal membrane. Natalizumab (NAT), a monoclonal antibody, binds to the alpha-4 (α4) integrin leading to BBB impermeability. Approximately 30% of NAT-treated patients show clinical or MRI signs of BBB disruption. Objective: To determine wh Read More

Aim & Objective: To delineate the associations between executive impairments and changes in tryptophan catabolite (TRYCAT) patterning, negative symptoms and deficit schizophrenia. Methods: We recruited 80 schizophrenic patients and 40 healthy controls and assessed 10 key cognitive tests using the Cambridge Neuropsychological Test Automated Battery (CANTAB), IgA/IgM responses to tryptophan catabolites (TRYCATs), the Read More