Current Neurovascular Research - Volume 12, Issue 4, 2015

The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effects of sodium butyrate on depressive-like behavior and mitochondrial alteration parameters in animal models of depression induced by maternal deprivation or chronic mild stress in Wistar rats. maternal deprivation was established by separating pups from their mothers for 3 h daily from postnatal day 1 to day 10. Chronic mild stress was established by water deprivatio Read More

Ischemic stroke patients often show high concentrations of circulating inflammatory markers that are associated with increased risk of recurrence. Epigenetic mechanisms could be involved in obesity, inflammation and stroke. The objective of this research was to investigate, in obese patients suffering a previous stroke, the effects of a nutritional program on anthropometric and biochemical variables, and on the methylation pa Read More

Associations between hyperhomocysteinemia and prognosis of stroke were seldom explored and always indefinite. We therefore performed a study to elucidate the relationship between homocysteine levels and stroke prognosis. Between 2008 and 2013, baseline data and blood samples of acute ischemic stroke patients were collected from the Henan Province Stroke Registry. Using a prospective cohort, scheduled follow-up, and Read More

Incidence and mortality of ischemic stroke in Croatia is significantly higher than in many other developed European countries. Here, we aimed to evaluate underlying conditions of this unacceptably high disease burden. An observational prospective cohort study of first-ever ischemic stroke patients identified in a population-based incidence study (N=751) (study 1, S1) and a concurrent case-control trial (215 patients, 125 con Read More

Recent investigations have demonstrated that normobaric hyperoxia induces neuroprotection against ischemic injury. The aim of study was to determine the survey of HO (hyperoxia) preconditioning on brain lipidome.The animals were assigned into three groups, the first experimental group was exposed to 95% inspired HO for 4 h /day for six consecutive days. The second experimental group considered as the control Read More

Type I Diabetes is characterized by the presence of hyperglycemia due to insulin deficiency and consequent impaired hepatic glucose metabolism. During diabetes, the liver becomes the most important tissue for the regulation of serum glucose. However, elevated glucose causes continuous oxidative damage to the liver, reducing its capacity to ameliorate hyperglycemia, which contributes to macrovascular complications [1]. Read More

The central nervous system is protected by the blood-brain barrier (BBB). The tight junction (TJ) proteins claudin-5 and zonula occludens-1 (ZO-1) as well as the cytoskeletal component F-actin play key roles in maintaining homeostasis of the BBB. Increases in BBB permeability may be beneficial for the delivery of pharmacological substances into the brain. Therefore, here, we assessed the use of ultrasound to induce tr Read More

We quantify the effect of internal-jugular vein function on intracranial venous haemodynamics, with particular attention paid to venous reflux and intracranial venous hypertension. Haemodynamics in the head and neck is quantified by computing the velocity, flow and pressure fields, and vessel cross-sectional area in all major arteries and veins. For the computations we use a global, closed-loop multi-scale mathematical Read More

Stroke is one of the most frequent causes of death and disability worldwide causing a major clinical and socioeconomic impact. Although the pathophysiology of brain ischemia and reperfusion is complex, the inflammatory process plays an important role in pathogenesis, contributing to the expansion of brain injury. The 5-lipoxygenase (5-LOX) is a key enzyme in the biosynthesis of the leukotrienes and has been implicate Read More

Mammalian forkhead transcription factors of the O class (FoxO) are exciting targets under consideration for the development of new clinical entities to treat metabolic disorders and diabetes mellitus (DM). DM, a disorder that currently affects greater than 350 million individuals globally, can become a devastating disease that leads to cellular injury through oxidative stress pathways and affects multiple systems of the bod Read More