Chemistry and Health Effects of Bioactive Compounds in Selected Culinary Aromatic Herbs

Culinary herbs are the fresh or dried leaves of herbaceous plants that are used as a food flavouring. Many of these plants are further recognized for their beneficial health effects because, besides their nutritional value, they are rich in many phytochemical components with bioactive effects. The aim of the present work was to make a general overview of some of these herbs, including their gastronomic usage, chemical composition in bioactive components and reported health effects. It was possible to verify that researchers are continuously exploring the chemical composition and the possible therapeutic uses of many herbs commonly used for culinary purposes. The most frequently reported health effects include antioxidant, antimicrobial, and antiviral effects. These properties have been confirmed through in vitro assays, sometimes also through in vivo experiments, and some others even with clinical trials, thus confirming their effects on humans.