Current Nanoscience - Volume 15, Issue 6, 2019

Nephrotoxicity, a chronic renal disease that results from the accumulation of endogenous and exogenous toxins in the kidney, disturbs the excretion and detoxification function of the kidney. Metal-mediated nephrotoxicity is induced by toxic metals/metalloids such as mercury, lead, arsenic, chromate, uranium, and cadmium. These materials become concentrated in the kidneys and injure the nephrons. Developing st Read More

Fluoride, arsenic, and nitrate are considered as major pollutants of water around the world, affecting millions of people mainly through the potable groundwater. Presence of these contaminants in drinking water can cause health issues like dental fluorosis, skeletal fluorosis, blackfoot disease, blue-baby syndrome, reproductive disorders, skin cancer, thyroid dysfunction, hypertension etc. The removal of fluoride, arsenic, and ni Read More

According to the drug discovery, approximately 40% of the new chemical entities show poor bioavailability due to their low aqueous solubility. In order to increase the solubility of the drugs, self-micro emulsifying drug delivery systems (SMEDDS) are considered as an ideal technology for enhancing the permeability of poorly soluble drugs in GI membranes. The SMEDDS are also generally used to enhance the oral bioavaila Read More

The intestinal tract is a complex and important physiological and immunological organ. Intestinal tract homeostasis requires a series of coordinated interactions involving gut microbiota, the crypt intestinal stem cells (ISC) and the surrounding niche, including the intestinal epithelial cells, endothelial cells, dendritic cells, and macrophages. The destruction of intestinal homeostasis leads to autoimmune diseases, such as infl Read More

Background: As a high-performance functional material, stacked piezoelectric actuator can produce a displacement under the effect of changing voltage. Its advantages of fast response and easy operation make it to be widely applied in the precision structure field. However, its small displacement stroke and hysteresis nonlinearity affect the accuracy of the output. Methods: In order to enlarge the displacement of piez Read More

Background: Graphene-Titanium dioxide nano-composite forms a very promising material in the field of photo-electrochemical research. Methods: In this study, a novel environment-friendly synthesis method was developed to produce well-distributed anatase nano-titanium dioxide spherical particles on the surface of graphene sheets. This novel method has great advantages over previously developed methods of producing Read More

Background: Chitosan-multiwall carbon nanotubes (CS-MWCNTs) nanocomposites are an attractive material due to their biocompatibility and possibility to produce nanocomposites with high conductivities and high mechanical properties. Both electrical and mechanical properties depend upon the method of MWCNT chemical oxidation; this oxidation affects the interaction of CS side groups with MWCNT’s surface groups. H Read More

Background: As progress on the nanofabrication has made semiconductor developed rapidly, there is an increasing need in precise pitch standards to calibrate the structure of devices at nanoscale. Nano-gratings fabricated by atom lithography are unique and suitable to act as precise pitch standard because its pitch distance is directly traceable to a natural constant. As the scaling down of nano-devices, it is very challenging Read More

Background: In this comprehensive study, the influence of titanium dioxide (TiO2) dopants decorated on Reduced Graphene Oxide (rGO) via spin coating technique as an efficient photoelectrode in DSSCs was investigated in detail. Objective: This study aims to determine the optimum spinning duration for decorating TiO2 onto rGO nanosheet photoanode for high DSSCs performance. Methods: The rGO nanosheet was prepared Read More

Background: The present research describes a mild and efficient method for the synthesis of 3,4-dihydropyrimidine-2(1H)-thiones and thiazolopyrimidine via multi-component reactions using FeCo2O4 nanoparticles. It was found that FeCo2O4 nanoparticles act as a powerful and effective catalyst. The prepared catalyst was characterized by the various spectroscopic techniques. Objective: The three-component re Read More

Background: It is necessary to investigate the performances of the optimized tree-type cylindrical-shaped nanoporous filtering membranes with 3 or 5 branch pores in each pore tree. Objective: To explore the design method for and the performances of the liquid-particle and liquidliquid separations of the optimized tree-type cylindrical-shaped nanoporous filtering membranes with 3 or 5 branch pores in each pore tree. M Read More

Background: Direct methanol fuel cells as a clean and efficient energy conversion method for portable electronic devices and electric vehicles are a very popular subject in science and engineering. Up to now, the most effective anode electrode materials for direct methanol fuel cells are Pt- Ru, used mainly as bimetallic catalysts dispersed on a highly active conductive support, such as conducting polymer, carbon-based catalysts Read More

Background: Ordered arrays of 1D iron(oxyhydr)oxide nanostructures have potential applications in magnetic recording mediums, lithium batteries, supercapacitors, and thermal production of α-, β-, γ-type Fe2O3. Large surface areas with three-dimensional architectures, such as nanotubes, are encouraged because the easy access of ion, gas, liquid and radiation assures high ion exchange capacity, sensing and catalytic activities Read More