Structure, Function and Modulation of Striatal-enriched Protein Tyrosine Phosphatase (STEP)

Striatal-enriched protein tyrosine phosphatase (STEP) is exclusively expressed in the central nervous system and regulates various neuronal signaling factors through the dephosphorylation of different substrates. Dysregulated expression or uncontrollable enzymatic activity of STEP contributes to neurological disorders such as Alzheimer's disease, which makes it a promising pharmaceutical target. Herein, we have reviewed the structure and biological functions of STEP, as well as the recent development of smallmolecule STEP modulators. We hope this review will provide a reference for the further development of more potent and selective STEP inhibitors for the treatment of nervous system diseases.