Current HIV Research - Volume 16, Issue 4, 2018

The implementation of combination antiretroviral therapy (cART) as the primary means of treatment for HIV infection has achieved a dramatic decline in deaths attributed to AIDS and the reduced incidence of severe forms of HIV-associated neurocognitive disorders (HAND) in infected individuals. Despite these advances, milder forms of HAND persist and prevalence of these forms of neurocognitive impairment are risin Read More

Background: Lopinavir is a specific reversible inhibitor of the enzyme HIV protease with mean oral bioavailability of less than 20 % due to extensive hepatic metabolism by cytochrome P450 3A4. The reported half-life of Lopinavir is 5-6 hours and the maximum recommended daily dose is 400 mg/day. All the marketed tablet and capsule formulations of lopinavir are generally combined with Ritonavir, a potent inhibitor of cytoch Read More

Background: HIV-1 Nef protein is a possible attractive target in the development of therapeutic HIV vaccines including protein-based vaccines. The most important disadvantage of protein-based vaccines is their low immunogenicity which can be improved by heat shock proteins (Hsps) as an immunomodulator, and cell-penetrating peptides (CPPs) as a carrier. Methods: In this study, the HIV-1 Nef and Hsp20-Nef proteins were Read More

Background: The HIV epidemic is increasing among Men who have Sex with Men (MSM) and the risk for AIDS defining cancer (ADC) is higher among them. Objective: To examine the effect of MSM and CD4+ count on time to cancer AIDS (ADC) and noncancer AIDS in competing risks setting in the HAART era. Method: Using Ontario HIV Treatment Network Cohort Study data, HIV-positive adults diagnosed between January 1997 and Read More

Background: Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection is a global health burden which ultimately results in acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS). There are multiple host factors which are capable of limiting HIV-1 replication. One of the most important host factors which inhibit HIV-1 DNA synthesis is the apolipoprotein B mRNA-editing enzyme, catalytic polypeptide- like 3G (APOBEC3G). Any genetic variati Read More

Background: Anti-viral cytokine expressions by cytotoxic T-cells and lower activation rates have been reported to correlate with suppressed HIV replication in long-term non-progressors (LTNP). Immune mechanisms underlying disease non-progression in LTNP might vary with HIV-1 subtype and geographical locations. Objective: This study evaluates cytokine expression and T-cells activation in relation to disease non-progress Read More

Background and Objectives: People living with HIV/AIDS are at an increased risk of developing cancer. The goals of this study were to obtain data on the prevalence of HIV in the cancer population and vice versa at a major tertiary cancer and HIV center in North India. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted over a 3-year period from July 2013 to June 2016, wherein successive HIV positive patients from an anti-r Read More