Current HIV Research - Volume 14, Issue 6, 2016

Background: After the advent of the potent combination antiretroviral therapy (cART) the incidence of acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) has declined dramatically and HIV infection became a chronic disease with a significant increase in the life expectancy of HIV-positive people. Consequently, chronic comorbidities as coronary heart disease raised an increasing concern in this population. Objective: Aim of Read More

AIDS is the fourth leading cause of death worldwide and, currently, the overall prevalence rate of HIV infection in Brazil is 0.5% among men and 0.3% among women. Objective: To evaluate the spatiotemporal trend of AIDS in Brazil from 2006 to 2012 and its relationship with human development index (HDI) and their components income, education and life expectancy. Methods: This ecological study evaluate the spati Read More

Discovering molecules capable of binding to HIV trans-activation responsive region (TAR) RNA thereby disrupting its interaction with Tat protein is an attractive strategy for developing novel antiviral drugs. Computational docking is considered as a useful tool for predicting binding affinity and conducting virtual screening. Although great progress in predicting protein-ligand interactions has been achieved in the past few decade Read More

Background: Current antiretroviral therapy (ART) cannot cure HIV-1 infection due to the presence of latent viral reservoirs. The “shock and kill” strategy is a promising approach to eliminate the viral reservoir. However, there are various limits existing in current latency-reversing agents, searching for new activators are urgently needed. Objective: The present study aimed at investigating the ability of hymecromone and s Read More

Introduction: The reversal of CD4/CD8 ratio is considered an independent predictor of death in the general population, where the ratio physiologically decreases with aging. Despite effective cART, CD4/CD8 normalization does not always occur in HIV-positive subjects. In the setting of HIV, low CD4/CD8 T-cell ratio correlates with immune activation and non-AIDS events. The aim of the study was to evaluate the rate and Read More

Background: The advent of combined antiretroviral therapy effectively undermined the evolution of HIV disease. Nevertheless, clinical observations indicated a clear association between therapy and the impairment of bone mineral density. Objective: We selected some antiretroviral compounds used in clinical practice, to study their impact on bone health and their possible implication in the onset of bone disease. Method: Scalar Read More

Background: Mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation and defective oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) have been proposed as possible mechanisms underlying the development of nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NRTIs)-induced mitochondrial toxicities. Available options in managing these complications have, so far, produced controversial results, thus necessitating further research into newer ag Read More

Background: There have been very few reports of HIV-1 subtypes and drug resistance mutations (DRMs) from Nepal which is geographically located between two high-prevalence HIV-1 infection countries, China and India. Objective: The aim of this study was to determine prevalence of acquired and transmitted DRMs and HIV-1 subtypes in Nepal. Methods: Thirty-five HIV-1 seropositive samples from central region of Nepal were c Read More