Skip to content
2000
  1. Home
  2. A-Z Publications
  3. Current HIV Research
  4. Volume 22, Issue 4
  5. Article
Volume 22, Issue 4
  • ISSN: 1570-162X
  • E-ISSN:

Abstract

Introduction

Therapeutic measures have been successful in increasing survival rates and quality of life of HIV/AIDS-infected people. However, some people fail to respond to antiretroviral therapy (HAART) because of viral resistance-associated mutations.

Objective

To identify virus genotype and the presence of mutations that alter the susceptibility to HAART, and factors associated with the occurrence of these mutations.

Methods

A cross-sectional study was conducted on adults living with HIV attending a specialized outpatient clinic in southern Santa Catarina, Brazil. The participants were interviewed and had blood samples collected for analysis. Those with detectable viral load were genotyped.

Results

Out of the 629 patients recruited, 127 subjects were included due to having a detectable viral load. The most common mutations were M184V and K103N. HIV-1 subtype C was the most prevalent strain. Resistance to HAART was associated with modification in the treatment regimen ( <0.001).

Conclusion

This study concluded that the circulating subtype virus was subtype C and that the mutations K103N and M184V were the most prevalent strains in southern Santa Catarina, Brazil.

© 2024 Bentham Science Publishers
Loading

Article metrics loading...

/content/journals/chr/10.2174/011570162X296948240802075249
2024-07-01
2024-11-19

  • From This Site

    /content/journals/chr/10.2174/011570162X296948240802075249
    dcterms_title,dcterms_subject,pub_keyword
    -contentType:Contributor -contentType:Concept -contentType:Institution
    10
    5
Loading full text...

Full text loading...

References

  1. Ministério da SaúdeBrasília: Manual técnico para diagnóstico da infecção pelo HIV.2016Available From: http://www.pncq.org.br/uploads/2014/manual_tecnico_hiv_2014_final_pdf_p__31450.pdf
  2. PandaS. PahariS. RoyS. MandalA. KuilaS. Adherence to anti-retroviral therapy & factors associated with it: A community based cross-sectional study from West Bengal, India.Indian J. Med. Res.2015142330131010.4103/0971‑5916.16659526458346
     [Google Scholar]
  3. LiuJ YanJ YangW XueX SunG LiuC Analysis of HIV-1 drug resistance among 1 922 individuals experiencing virological failure of first-line antiretroviral therapy in Henan province.Zhonghua Yu fang Yi XueZa Zhi20154911950
     [Google Scholar]
  4. PatteryT. VerlindenY. De WolfH. NauwelaersD. Van BaelenK. Van HoutteM. Mc KennaP. VillacianJ. Development and performance of conventional HIV-1 phenotyping (Antivirogram®) and genotype-based calculated phenotyping assay (virco®TYPE HIV-1) on protease and reverse transcriptase genes to evaluate drug resistance.Intervirology201255213814610.1159/00033201322286884
     [Google Scholar]
  5. Van HoutteM. PicchioG. Van Der BorghtK. PatteryT. LecocqP. BachelerL.T. A comparison of HIV-1 drug susceptibility as provided by conventional phenotyping and by a phenotype prediction tool based on viral genotype.J. Med. Virol.200981101702170910.1002/jmv.2158519697398
     [Google Scholar]
  6. GräfT. PassaesC.P.B. FerreiraL.G.E. GrisardE.C. MorgadoM.G. BelloG. PintoA.R. HIV-1 genetic diversity and drug resistance among treatment naïve patients from Southern Brazil: An association of HIV-1 subtypes with exposure categories.J. Clin. Virol.201151318619110.1016/j.jcv.2011.04.01121622023
     [Google Scholar]
  7. LealE. MartinsL.O. JaniniM. DiazR.S. Evolutionary dynamics of HIV-1 BF and CB recombinants and its parental counterparts in South America.Retrovirology (Auckl.)2008111410.4137/RRT.S1045
     [Google Scholar]
  8. GrinbergG. GironL.B. KnollR.K. GalinskasJ. CamargoM. ArifM.S. SamerS. JaniniL.M.R. SucupiraM.C.A. DiazR.S. High prevalence and incidence of HIV-1 in a counseling and testing center in the city of Itajaí, Brazil.Braz. J. Infect. Dis.201519663163510.1016/j.bjid.2015.08.00126361837
     [Google Scholar]
  9. BoydM.A. MooreC.L. MolinaJ.M. WoodR. MaderoJ.S. WolffM. RuxrungthamK. LossoM. RenjifoB. TepplerH. KelleherA.D. AminJ. EmeryS. CooperD.A. Baseline HIV-1 resistance, virological outcomes, and emergent resistance in the SECOND-LINE trial: An exploratory analysis.Lancet HIV201522e42e5110.1016/S2352‑3018(14)00061‑726424460
     [Google Scholar]
  10. MoralesL. RogowskiJ. FreedmanV.A. WickstromS.L. AdamsJ.L. EscarceJ.J. Sociodemographic differences in use of preventive services by women enrolled in Medicare+Choice plans.Prev. Med.200439473874510.1016/j.ypmed.2004.02.04115351540
     [Google Scholar]
  11. WoodsC.K. BrummeC.J. LiuT.F. ChuiC.K.S. ChuA.L. WynhovenB. HallT.A. TrevinoC. ShaferR.W. HarriganP.R. Automating HIV drug resistance genotyping with RECall, a freely accessible sequence analysis tool.J. Clin. Microbiol.20125061936194210.1128/JCM.06689‑1122403431
     [Google Scholar]
  12. Stanford UniversityEstados Unidos: HIV Drug resistence database.2019Available From: https://hivdb.satanford.edu
  13. TamuraK. StecherG. PetersonD. FilipskiA. KumarS. MEGA6: Molecular evolutionary genetics analysis version 6.0.Mol. Biol. Evol.201330122725272910.1093/molbev/mst19724132122
     [Google Scholar]
  14. SaitouN. NeiM. The neighbor-joining method: A new method for reconstructing phylogenetic trees.Mol. Biol. Evol.1987444064253447015
     [Google Scholar]
  15. GräfT. Machado FritschH. de MedeirosR.M. Maletich JunqueiraD. Esteves de Matos AlmeidaS. PintoA.R. Comprehensive characterization of HIV-1 molecular epidemiology and demographic history in the brazilian region most heavily affected by AIDS.J. Virol.201690188160816810.1128/JVI.00363‑1627384663
     [Google Scholar]
  16. FelsensteinJ. Confidence limits on phylogenies: An approach using the bootstrap.Evolution198539478379110.2307/240867828561359
     [Google Scholar]
  17. Schuelter-TrevisolF. SilvaM.V. OliveiraC.M. RodriguesR. HIV genotyping among female sex workers in the State of Santa Catarina.Rev. Soc. Bras. Med. Trop.200740325926310.1590/S0037‑8682200700030000117653456
     [Google Scholar]
  18. SoaresE.A.J.M. MartínezA.M.B. SouzaT.M. SantosA.F.A. HoraV.D. SilveiraJ. BastosF.I. TanuriA. SoaresM.A. HIV-1 subtype C dissemination in southern Brazil.AIDS200519Suppl. 4S81S8610.1097/01.aids.0000191497.00928.e416249660
     [Google Scholar]
  19. AvanziV.M. VicenteB.A. BelotoN.C.P. Gomes-da-SilvaM.M. RibeiroC.E.L. TuonF.F. VidalL.R.R. NogueiraM.B. RaboniS.M. Profile of HIV subtypes in HIV/HBV- and HIV/HCV-coinfected patients in Southern Brazil.Rev. Soc. Bras. Med. Trop.201750447047710.1590/0037‑8682‑0450‑201628954067
     [Google Scholar]
  20. CoradoA.L.G. BelloG. LeãoR.A.C. GranjaF. NavecaF.G. HIV-1 genetic diversity and antiretroviral drug resistance among individuals from Roraima state, northern Brazil.PLoS One2017123e017389410.1371/journal.pone.017389428301548
     [Google Scholar]
  21. BrindeiroR.M. DiazR.S. SabinoE.C. MorgadoM.G. PiresI.L. BrigidoL. DantasM.C. BarreiraD. TeixeiraP.R. TanuriA. Brazilian Network for HIV Drug Resistance Surveillance (HIV-BResNet): A survey of chronically infected individuals.AIDS20031771063106910.1097/00002030‑200305020‑0001612700457
     [Google Scholar]
  22. OsmanovS. PattouC. WalkerN. SchwardländerB. EsparzaJ. Estimated global distribution and regional spread of HIV-1 genetic subtypes in the year 2000.J. Acquir. Immune Defic. Syndr.200229218419010.1097/00042560‑200202010‑0001311832690
     [Google Scholar]
  23. WainbergM.A. ZaharatosG.J. BrennerB.G. Development of antiretroviral drug resistance.N. Engl. J. Med.2011365763764610.1056/NEJMra100418021848464
     [Google Scholar]
  24. KiweluI.E. NovitskyV. MargolinL. BacaJ. ManongiR. SamN. ShaoJ. McLaneM.F. KapigaS.H. EssexM. Frequent intra-subtype recombination among HIV-1 circulating in Tanzania.PLoS One201388e7113110.1371/journal.pone.007113123940702
     [Google Scholar]
  25. WainbergM.A. MoisiD. OliveiraM. ToniT.D. BrennerB.G. Transmission dynamics of the M184V drug resistance mutation in primary HIV infection.J. Antimicrob. Chemother.201166102346234910.1093/jac/dkr29121750100
     [Google Scholar]
  26. MelikianG.L. RheeS.Y. VargheseV. PorterD. WhiteK. TaylorJ. TownerW. TroiaP. BurackJ. DeJesusE. RobbinsG.K. RazzecaK. KaganR. LiuT.F. FesselW.J. IsraelskiD. ShaferR.W. Non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor (NNRTI) cross-resistance: Implications for preclinical evaluation of novel NNRTIs and clinical genotypic resistance testing.J. Antimicrob. Chemother.2014691122010.1093/jac/dkt31623934770
     [Google Scholar]
  27. HamersR.L. SigaloffK.C.E. WensingA.M. WallisC.L. KityoC. SiwaleM. MandaliyaK. IveP. BotesM.E. WellingtonM. OsibogunA. StevensW.S. Rinke de WitT.F. SchuurmanR. Patterns of HIV-1 drug resistance after first-line antiretroviral therapy (ART) failure in 6 sub-Saharan African countries: Implications for second-line ART strategies.Clin. Infect. Dis.201254111660166910.1093/cid/cis25422474222
     [Google Scholar]
  28. HillA. McBrideA. SawyerA.W. ClumeckN. GuptaR.K. Resistance at virological failure using boosted protease inhibitors versus nonnucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors as first-line antiretroviral therapy-implications for sustained efficacy of ART in resource-limited settings.J. Infect. Dis.2013207Suppl. 2S78S8410.1093/infdis/jit11223687293
     [Google Scholar]
  29. ThompsonM.A. AbergJ.A. HoyJ.F. TelentiA. BensonC. CahnP. EronJ.J. GünthardH.F. HammerS.M. ReissP. RichmanD.D. RizzardiniG. ThomasD.L. JacobsenD.M. VolberdingP.A. Antiretroviral treatment of adult HIV infection: 2012 recommendations of the International Antiviral Society-USA panel.JAMA2012308438740210.1001/jama.2012.796122820792
     [Google Scholar]
  30. TaiwoB. Understanding transmitted HIV resistance through the experience in the USA.Int. J. Infect. Dis.200913555255910.1016/j.ijid.2008.10.00819136289
     [Google Scholar]
  31. GötteM. ArionD. ParniakM.A. WainbergM.A. The M184V mutation in the reverse transcriptase of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 impairs rescue of chain-terminated DNA synthesis.J. Virol.20007483579358510.1128/JVI.74.8.3579‑3585.200010729133
     [Google Scholar]
  32. RheeS.Y. TaylorJ. FesselW.J. KaufmanD. TownerW. TroiaP. RuaneP. HellingerJ. ShirvaniV. ZolopaA. ShaferR.W. HIV-1 protease mutations and protease inhibitor cross-resistance.Antimicrob. Agents Chemother.201054104253426110.1128/AAC.00574‑1020660676
     [Google Scholar]
  33. SterrantinoG. ZaccarelliM. ColaoG. BaldantiF. Di GiambenedettoS. CarliT. MaggioloF. ZazziM. Genotypic resistance profiles associated with virological failure to darunavir-containing regimens: A cross-sectional analysis.Infection201240331131810.1007/s15010‑011‑0237‑y22237471
     [Google Scholar]
  34. De MeyerS LathouwersE DierynckI De PaepeE Van BaelenB VangeneugdenT Characterization of virologic failure patients on darunavir/ritonavir in treatment-experienced patients.AIDS20092314182940
     [Google Scholar]
  35. Lambert-NiclotS. MasquelierB. Cohen CodarI. SoulieC. DelaugerreC. Morand-JoubertL. CharpentierC. FerreV. PlantierJ.C. MontesB. CarretS. PerrotV. PeytavinG. CostagliolaD. CalvezV. MarcelinA.G. Impact of lopinavir/ritonavir use on antiretroviral resistance in recent clinical practice.J. Antimicrob. Chemother.201267102487249310.1093/jac/dks22622733652
     [Google Scholar]
  36. SantosJ.R. LlibreJ.M. ImazA. DomingoP. IribarrenJ.A. MariñoA. MirallesC. GalindoM.J. OrnelasA. MorenoS. SchapiroJ.M. ClotetB. Mutations in the protease gene associated with virological failure to lopinavir/ritonavir-containing regimens.J. Antimicrob. Chemother.20126761462146910.1093/jac/dks08022431669
     [Google Scholar]
  37. SteklerJ.D. MilneR. PayantR. BeckI. HerbeckJ. MaustB. DengW. TapiaK. HolteS. MaenzaJ. StevensC.E. MullinsJ.I. CollierA.C. FrenkelL.M. Transmission of HIV-1 drug resistance mutations within partner-pairs: A cross-sectional study of a primary HIV infection cohort.PLoS Med.2018153e100253710.1371/journal.pmed.100253729584723
     [Google Scholar]
  38. LopesC.A.F. SoaresM.A. FalciD.R. SprinzE. The evolving genotypic profile of HIV-1 mutations related to antiretroviral treatment in the North Region of Brazil.BioMed Res. Int.201520151610.1155/2015/73852826543866
     [Google Scholar]
  39. BucktonA.J. PrabhuD. MotamedC. HarrisR.J. HillC. MurphyG. ParryJ.V. JohnsonJ.A. LowndesC.M. GillN. PillayD. CaneP.A. Increased detection of the HIV-1 reverse transcriptase M184V mutation using mutation-specific minority assays in a UK surveillance study suggests evidence of unrecognized transmitted drug resistance.HIV Med.201112425025410.1111/j.1468‑1293.2010.00882.x21371237
     [Google Scholar]
  40. RusconiS. De PasqualeM.P. MilazzoL. KurtagicS. BulgheroniE. CitterioP. GalazziM. La Seta CatamancioS. GalliM. Loss of lamivudine resistance in a zidovudine and lamivudine dual-resistant HIV-1 isolate after discontinuation of in vitro lamivudine drug pressure.Antivir. Ther.19983420320710.1177/13596535980030040710682139
     [Google Scholar]
  41. MetznerK.J. BonhoefferS. FischerM. KaranicolasR. AllersK. JoosB. WeberR. HirschelB. KostrikisL.G. GünthardH.F. Emergence of minor populations of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 carrying the M184V and L90M mutations in subjects undergoing structured treatment interruptions.J. Infect. Dis.2003188101433144310.1086/37921514624368
     [Google Scholar]
  42. KaradeS.K. KulkarniS.S. GhateM.V. PatilA.A. LondheR. SalviS.P. KadamD.B. JoshiR.K. RewariB.B. GangakhedkarR.R. Antiretroviral resistance following immunological monitoring in a resource-limited setting of western India: A cross-sectional study.PLoS One2017128e018188910.1371/journal.pone.018188928763465
     [Google Scholar]
  43. FarrokhiM. MoallemiS. ShirkoohiR. GolmohammadiR. Ahsani-NasabS. SardashtiS. AbbasianL. BaesiK. MohrazM. Antiretroviral drug resistance mutations among HIV treatment failure patients in Tehran, Iran.Iran. J. Public Health20174691256126429026792
     [Google Scholar]
  44. AnanworanichJ. SirivichayakulS. PinyakornS. CrowellT.A. TrichavarojR. WeerayingyongJ. ChomcheyN. FletcherJ.L.K. van GriensvenF. PhanuphakP. RobbM.L. MichaelN.L. KimJ.H. PhanuphakN. High prevalence of transmitted drug resistance in acute HIV-infected Thai men who have sex with men.J. Acquir. Immune Defic. Syndr.201568448148510.1097/QAI.000000000000050225559593
     [Google Scholar]
  45. DaiL. LiN. WeiF. LiJ. LiuY. XiaW. ZhangT. GuoC. WangW. SchwartzS.A. MahajanS.D. HsiaoC.B. WuH. Transmitted antiretroviral drug resistance in the men who have sex with men HIV patient cohort, Beijing, China, 2008-2011.Viral Immunol.201427839239710.1089/vim.2014.002525084305
     [Google Scholar]
  46. BredaA. FernandesC.L. de Matos AlmeidaS.E. FrancoH.M. RossettiM.L.R. RodriguesR. BrígidoL.F. Cortez-HerreraE. Bioinformatics tools for HIV-1 identification in Southern Brazilian States.Lect. Notes Comput. Sci.2005359423423710.1007/11532323_31
     [Google Scholar]
  47. SoaresE.A.J.M. SantosR.P. PellegriniJ.A. SprinzE. TanuriA. SoaresM.A. Epidemiologic and molecular characterization of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 in southern Brazil.J. Acquir. Immune Defic. Syndr.200334552052610.1097/00126334‑200312150‑0001214657764
     [Google Scholar]
  48. SoaresM.A. de OliveiraT. BrindeiroR.M. DiazR.S. SabinoE.C. BrigidoL. PiresI.L. MorgadoM.G. DantasM.C. BarreiraD. TeixeiraP.R. CassolS. TanuriA. A specific subtype C of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 circulates in Brazil.AIDS2003171112110.1097/00002030‑200301030‑0000412478065
     [Google Scholar]
/content/journals/chr/10.2174/011570162X296948240802075249
Loading
Genotyping and Antiretroviral Drug Resistance Mutations among HIV Patients in Southern Santa Catarina, Brazil
Current HIV Research 22, 230 (2024); https://doi.org/10.2174/011570162X296948240802075249
/content/journals/chr/10.2174/011570162X296948240802075249
/content/journals/chr/10.2174/011570162X296948240802075249
Loading

Data & Media loading...


  • Article Type:     Research Article
Keyword(s): genotyping techniques; HAART; HIV; K103N; M184V; mutation; viral drug resistance
This is a required field
Please enter a valid email address
Approval was a Success
Invalid data
An Error Occurred
Approval was partially successful, following selected items could not be processed due to error
Please enter a valid_number test