Current Trends on Innovative Technologies in Topical Wound Care for Advanced Healing and Management

Objectives: To investigate critically traditional and modern techniques for cutaneous wound healing and to provide comprehensive information on these novel techniques to encounter the challenges with the existing wound healing methods. Significance: The financial burden and mortality associated with wounds is increasing, so managing wounds is essential. Traditional wound treatments include surgical and non-surgical methods, while modern techniques are advancing rapidly. This review examines the various traditional and modern techniques used for cutaneous wound healing. Key Findings: Traditional wound treatments include surgical techniques such as debridement, skin flaps, and grafts. Non-surgical treatments include skin replacements, topical formulations, scaffold-based skin grafts, and hydrogel-based skin dressings. More modern techniques include using nanoparticles, growth factors, and bioactive substances in wound dressings. Bioengineered skin substitutes using biomaterials, cells, and growth factors are also being developed. Other techniques include stem cell therapy, growth factor/cytokine therapy, vacuum-assisted wound closure, and 3D-printed/bio-printed wound dressings. Conclusion: Traditional wound treatments have been replaced by modern techniques such as stem cell therapy, growth factor/cytokine therapy, vacuum-assisted wound closure, and bioengineered skin substitutes. However, most of these strategies lack effectiveness and thorough evaluation. Therefore, further research is required to develop new techniques for cutaneous wound healing that are effective, cost-efficient, and appealing to patients.