Current Diabetes Reviews - Volume 7, Issue 6, 2011

MicroRNAs ( miRNAs) are highly conserved, 19-23 nucleotide long, non-coding, endogenous RNA, which are transcribed from either intergenic, intronic or polycistronic regions and modulate gene expression through mRNA degradation or translational repression. They are fine tuners of biological processes and have recently emerged as biomarkers and therapeutic targets of cardiovascular diseases. Several miRNAs reg Read More

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a complex and heterogeneous disease that involves menstrual dysfunction and reproductive difficulty as well as metabolic problems. From a genetic point of view, it is a complex disease that is subject to environmental influences, mainly dietary, which makes it similar to other metabolic processes, such as diabetes and obesity. So, the interest of the diagnosis of the PCOS is, not only to i Read More

While lifestyle modifications and metformin are the cornerstone of the initial management of type 2 diabetes mellitus, there is an increasing array of second and third-line pharmacological agents for this condition. These include sulphonylureas, insulin, thiazolidinediones and alpha-glucosidase inhibitors, with the more recent addition of glucagon- like peptide-1 agonists, dipeptidyl peptidase-IV inhibitors and pramlintide. Moreove Read More

The amount of research and technology related to diabetes mellitus has grown dramatically over the past few decades. This knowledge has led to many advances in the detection and treatment of prediabetes and diabetes and the prevention of their related complications. However, there continues to be a distinct gap between these advances and the medical care of patients with diabetes. This article focuses on translation Read More

Impaired diabetic wound healing (WH) constitutes a serious diabetic complication with increased morbidity, mortality and health expenditure. The exact pathogenetic mechanisms have not been fully clarified. A variety of hyperglycemia and oxidative stress related factors, have been proposed, including advanced glycaction end products (AGE). The existing literature data, support the role of AGE in the pathogenesis of diabetic c Read More

Since the first in-vitro fertilisation (IVF) birth in 1978, the number of children born by assisted reproductive technologies (ART) continues to increase worldwide. However, the safety issues surrounding these procedures remain controversial, and the long term impact on human health is unknown. There is emerging evidence to indicate that IVF may predispose individuals to increased incidence of obesity, elevated blood pressure, f Read More

The association between diabetes and periodontal diseases is well-established. Diabetes is a risk factor for periodontal disease, with diabetic patients exhibiting an increased prevalence, extent and severity of gingivitis and perio- dontitis compared to healthy adults. Several mechanisms involved in the pathogenesis of diabetes have also been associated with periodontal disease progression. It is recognized today that ther Read More