Current Diabetes Reviews - Volume 14, Issue 3, 2018

Background: Diabetes has turned into a pandemic disorder that is affecting millions of people worldwide. Industries are aggressively racing and pursuing research towards the discovery of antidiabetic drug and the current global sale of such drugs are ever on the increase. However, in spite of such massive level of expenditure thereof, WHO projects that by 2030, diabetes will rank as the 7th leading cause of mortality. Objecti Read More

Introduction: Gastroparesis (a complication of both type 1 and type 2 diabetes mellitus) is delayed gastric emptying in the absence of a mechanical obstruction. Overall prevalence of Gastroparesis is close to 5 % in type 1 diabetes and 1 % in type 2 diabetes. It is unclear if good glycemic control leads to the delay of development and progression of gastroparesis. Methods: Gastric enteric neurons as well as Interstitial Cells of Cajal Read More

Background: Diabetes is a demanding disease that is growing in prevalence. Improved outcomes for patients with diabetes are highly dependent on self-management skills and the ability to make lifestyle changes. Innovative healthcare approaches are necessary to meet these specific patient needs. A group care medical visit (GMV) combines diabetes check-ups with diabetes education in a supportive and patient centered envi Read More

Introduction: Diabetes Mellitus (DM) is a metabolic disorder characterized by chronic hyperglycaemia, which is attributed to several life threatening complications including atherosclerosis, nephropathy, and retinopathy. The current therapies available for the management of DM mainly include oral antidiabetic drugs and insulin injections. However, continuous use of synthetic drugs provides lower healing with many side effects. Read More

Background: The global epidemic of obesity will see normal weight adults constituting a mere one-third of the global population by 2025. Although appetite and weight are regulated by a complex integration of neurological, endocrine and gastrointestinal feedback mechanisms, there is a constant interaction between psychological state, physical impairment, presence of comorbid chronic disease and medications. Methods Read More

Background: Despite its well-established health benefits, exercise imposes challenges on glucose control in individuals with type 1 diabetes due to the complex interactions between exerciseinduced effects on glucose metabolism and exogenous insulin therapy. Although clinical guidelines for exercise management in type 1 diabetes are available, implementation is challenging in daily life. The risk of exercise-induced dysglycae Read More

Background: Most of the current understanding of type 1 diabetes (T1D) etiology and pathogenesis stemmed from studies conducted in majoritarily Non-Hispanic White (NHW) populations. However, evidence is emerging that unique mechanisms of disease may contribute to the development of T1D in individuals of Hispanic ethnicity. Objective: We reviewed the currently available literature on genetic, immunologic, metabolic and Read More

Background: Cardiovascular disease is the leading cause of death in patients with type 2 diabetes. Objective: To assess the impact of glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonist (GLP1RA) therapy, compared to placebo, on clinically relevant outcomes including all-cause mortality, cardiovascular mortality, nonfatal myocardial infarction (MI), nonfatal stroke, and hospitalizations for heart failure, in patients with type 2 diabetes. Met Read More

Background: Androgen Deficiency in Aging Male (ADAM) questionnaire is increasingly popular for the evaluation of testosterone deficiency (TD) in Sub-Saharan African men with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). However, its reliability in this population is unknown. Objective: To evaluate the reliability of the ADAM questionnaire for the clinical detection of testosterone deficiency in Sub-Saharan African men with T2DM. Method Read More

Background: Recent studies have shown an inverse relationship between diabetes and prostate- specific antigen (PSA) levels. Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the PSA levels in the serum of diabetic and non-diabetic Moroccan males. Methods: In a cross-sectional study, four hundred and seventy diabetic and 869 non-diabetic males were screened from January 2015 to April 2016 at Pasteur institute of Morocco. Hemoglobi Read More

Introduction: Insulin resistance may develop with Type 1 diabetes. Insulin resistance is currently recognized by the estimated glucose disposal rate. Serum fetuin has been accused as a risk factor for metabolic syndrome. Aim: To determine the relationship between the serum fetuin and insulin resistance in Type 1 diabetes subjects and the effect of short-term Metformin therapy on this relationship. Methods: 40 T1DM male ≥ 18 Read More

Background: Hypogonadism in male patients with diabetes mellitus is associated with older age, obesity and poor glycaemic control. The patterns of sperm count, testicular volume, sperm motility and morphology have also been reported to be abnormal in these patients, though reports are conflicting. The objectives of this study were to assess gonadal function and sperm parameters in Nigerian males with diabetes mellitus. Read More

Background: Diabetes is the third widespread after heart disease and cancer. We have investigated genetic polymorphisms in cytokine genes viz. IL-4, IL-1Ra, IL-1β, IL-18, IL-6, TNF-α, IL-10 and ADIPOQ. The aim of study was to investigate the haplotypes, gene-gene interactions and their role in determining individual susceptibility to T2DM of family members with diabetic history. Methods: Haplotype analysis of 2 SNPs each in I Read More