Current Diabetes Reviews - Volume 13, Issue 3, 2017

10.2174/157339981303170516191033

Schizophrenia is a chronic and debilitating brain disorder. It is associated with increased mortality, primarily due to elevated cardio-metabolic risk. Affected patients have higher rates of obesity, metabolic syndrome and diabetes [1]. Intrinsic factors contributing to this increased risk include a shared underlying pathophysiology between schizophrenia and diabetes mellitus involving stress, inflammation and genetics. Extrinsic c Read More

With the rise of obesity there has been a concomitant increase in the incidence of type 2 diabetes (T2DM). As a result, the term “diabesity” has become a popular disease entity in the past several years. When lifestyle modification and pharmacotherapy fail to achieve successful weight loss and diabetes control, bariatric surgery is a recommended treatment option. Bariatric surgery has been shown to promote sustained T2 Read More

Background: In 2009, approximately 40 million people were 65 years or older. The majority of people over the age of 65 have at least one chronic medical condition. In 2002-2003, the following medical conditions were common among older adults: hypertension (51%), arthritis (48%), heart disease (31%), cancer of any type (21%), and diabetes (16%). The cost of diabetes care, both direct and indirect, was $245 billion in 201 Read More

Diabetes is a growing health epidemic in the United States. Racial and ethnic minorities are disproportionately affected by diabetes and associated comorbidities and complications. The present review article aims to characterize the various ways in which minority populations are affected by diabetes. We address differences in prevalence of diabetes and associated conditions that include cardiovascular disease, hypertension, Read More

Suicide is the tenth leading cause of death in Americans of all ages. Presence of a chronic medical illness (e.g. Diabetes mellitus) increases the risk of suicide. The goal of this review is to examine the relationship between diabetes and depression, as well as diabetes and suicide. Earlier this year, the U.S. Preventive Task Force (USPTF) escalated their recommendation for depression to include not only routine screening for depressi Read More

Background: Diabetes is a common chronic condition among adults that can complicate the transition from the hospital to the community. Hospital readmission is an important contributor to total medical expenditures and is an emerging indicator of quality of care. Failure to acknowledge diabetes transition of care is associated with increased emergency department visits and 30-day readmissions. Methods: Literature revi Read More

Introduction: Accelerated formation of AGE due to increasing rise in blood glucose levels leads to developments of metabolic changes, further leading to such complications as diabetic retinopathy which is a major reason of leading to blindness and affecting working population worldwide. Background: The results of recent investigations have demonstrated that the death of retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) and their axons is the Read More

Background: Although several epidemiological studies have reported an association between diabetes mellitus (DM) and orodental health. However, the occurrence of the co-morbidity of both diseases has been more of suspicion than evidence-based. DM is a serious public health concern globally, and in Nigeria. Studies have separately documented the prevalence of DM and orodental diseases, but data lack to adequately Read More

Introduction: The incidence of type 1 diabetes (T1D) is increasing worldwide and there is a very large need for effective therapies. Essentially no therapies other than insulin are currently approved for the treatment of T1D. Drugs already in use for type 2 diabetes and many new drugs are under clinical development for T1D, including compounds with both established and new mechanisms of action. Content of the Review: Read More

Introduction: Diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) is one of the most serious complications of diabetes. It is characterised by the triad of hyperglycemia (blood sugar >250 mg/dl), metabolic acidosis (arterial pH <7.3 and serum bicarbonate <18 mEq/L) and ketosis. Rarely these patients can present with blood glucose (BG) levels of less than 200 mg/dl, which is defined as euglycemic DKA. The possible etiology of euglycemic DKA inclu Read More

Background: Autoantibodies (AAbs) against islet autoantigens (AAgs) are used for type 1 diabetes (T1D) diagnosis and prediction. Islet-specific AAbs usually appear early in life and may fluctuate in terms of number and titer sometimes for over 20 years before T1D develops. Whereas their predictive power is high for pediatric subjects with high genetic risk who rapidly progress to multiple AAb positivity, they are less reliable Read More

Introduction: In this prospective study, we establishing the association of obesity in type 2 diabetes patients with various inflammatory markers and adipocytokines, as risk factors for cardiovascular disease (CVD). Materials and Methods: In this work, a total of 85 individuals gave concern and were divided into 4 groups based on their body mass indices (BMI). Anthropometrics details were obtained from each individual and diff Read More