A Comparison of Biomarkers in the Assessment of Glycemic Control in Diabetes: Reviewing the Evidence

Background: Diabetes Mellitus (DM) is a chronic life-long progressive multisystem heterogeneous metabolic disorder with complex pathogenesis. Introduction: Hyperglycemia is not only one of the classical signs of DM, but it also serves as the pivotal prerequisite for the diagnosis of the disease. However, with the advancement in the field of analytical biochemistry, a number of alternative and specific biomarkers have been discovered which can be used for better diagnosis of the DM. In this review, we have discussed various aspects of DM and different biomarkers used in assessing glycemia. Methodology: A thorough literature survey was conducted to identify various studies that reported the use of conventional and non-conventional markers for the assessment of glycemia in DM patients. Conclusion: The accurate detection and hence diagnosis of DM has become easy and more specific with the use of various biomarkers.