Skip to content
2000
Volume 22, Issue 2
  • ISSN: 1570-1638
  • E-ISSN: 1875-6220

Abstract

Background

Background: Coming to the edge of disease manufacturing in the twenty-first-century, breast cancer occupies a terrifying scenario in the globe, especially in adult women. Its curiosity endeavours remarkable advances made during the past decennaries for cancer treatment and diagnosis.

Objective

It accounts for the fifth leading cause of transience, killing approximately 570,000 people per annum. To reduce the prognosis of clinical oncological development with the application of a new chemical entity, some of the critical challenges, like active pharmaceutical ingredients with high chemical resistance, extreme side effects, and high treatment costs are some of the limitations in the curbing aspects of breast melanoma.

Methods

In cancer research, hence, the development of drugs that are safe, efficient, and cost-effective remains a 'Holy Grail' that may be considered as a boon to target the malignant tissues with novel therapeutics devices.

Results

Through the findings on overcoming the drawbacks of traditional methods, researchers have given special attention to cancer-preventive and theranostic approaches based on some novel drug delivery systems.

Conclusion

The present study forecasts the wide-ranging modern applications, and on developing some novel liposomal drug delivery therapy against breast cancer.

Loading

Article metrics loading...

/content/journals/cddt/10.2174/0115701638300812240417055802
2024-04-29
2025-03-16
Loading full text...

Full text loading...

References

  1. Cancer cells and Normal cells. comparison and difference between healthy tissue and tumor. details about chromatin, nucleus and cytoplasm.Available from: https://www.shutterstock.com/image-vector/cancer-cells-normal-comparison-difference-between-1861487893
  2. MajeedW. AslamB. JavedI. KhaliqT. MuhammadF. AliA. RazaA. Breast cancer: major risk factors and recent developments in treatment.Asian Pac. J. Cancer Prev.20141583353335810.7314/APJCP.2014.15.8.335324870721
    [Google Scholar]
  3. KhuwajaG.A. Abu-RezqA.N. Bimodal breast cancer classification system.Pattern Anal. Appl.200473235242
    [Google Scholar]
  4. SharmaG.N. DaveR. SanadyaJ. SharmaP. SharmaK.K. Various types and management of breast cancer: an overview.J. Adv. Pharm. Technol. Res.20101210912622247839
    [Google Scholar]
  5. Hasan AL-MurshidiM.M. RazaqR.A. Histological study of some benign fibrous diseases of the breast.EurAsian J Biosci202014272597261
    [Google Scholar]
  6. SunY.S. ZhaoZ. YangZ.N. XuF. LuH.J. ZhuZ.Y. ShiW. JiangJ. YaoP.P. ZhuH.P. Risk factors and preventions of breast cancer.Int. J. Biol. Sci.201713111387139710.7150/ijbs.2163529209143
    [Google Scholar]
  7. MirzaeiH.R. MirzaeiH. LeeS.Y. HadjatiJ. TillB.G. Prospects for chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) γδ T cells: A potential game changer for adoptive T cell cancer immunotherapy.Cancer Lett.2016380241342310.1016/j.canlet.2016.07.00127392648
    [Google Scholar]
  8. WeigeltB. GeyerF.C. Reis-FilhoJ.S. Histological types of breast cancer: How special are they?Mol. Oncol.20104319220810.1016/j.molonc.2010.04.00420452298
    [Google Scholar]
  9. KordeL.A. ZujewskiJ.A. KaminL. GiordanoS. DomchekS. AndersonW.F. BartlettJ.M.S. GelmonK. NahlehZ. BerghJ. CutuliB. PruneriG. McCaskill-StevensW. GralowJ. HortobagyiG. CardosoF. Multidisciplinary meeting on male breast cancer: summary and research recommendations.J. Clin. Oncol.201028122114212210.1200/JCO.2009.25.572920308661
    [Google Scholar]
  10. ZangouriV. AkramiM. TahmasebiS. TaleiA. Ghaeini HesarooeihA. Medullary breast carcinoma and invasive ductal carcinoma: a review study.Iran. J. Med. Sci.201843436537130046204
    [Google Scholar]
  11. DubarS. BoukridM. Bouquet de JoliniereJ. GuillouL. VoQ.D. MajorA. AliN.B. KhomsiF. FekiA. Paget’s breast disease: a case report and review of the literature.Front. Surg.201745110.3389/fsurg.2017.0005129109950
    [Google Scholar]
  12. ShaukatU. IsmailM. MehmoodN. Epidemiology, major risk factors and genetic predisposition for breast cancer in the Pakistani population.Asian Pac. J. Cancer Prev.201314105625562910.7314/APJCP.2013.14.10.562524289553
    [Google Scholar]
  13. BalmañaJ. DíezO. RubioI.T. CardosoF. ESMO Guidelines Working Group BRCA in breast cancer: ESMO Clinical Practice Guidelines.Ann. Oncol.201122Suppl. 6vi31vi3410.1093/annonc/mdr37321908500
    [Google Scholar]
  14. Paluch-ShimonS. CardosoF. SessaC. BalmanaJ. CardosoM.J. GilbertF. SenkusE. ESMO Guidelines Committee Prevention and screening in BRCA mutation carriers and other breast/ovarian hereditary cancer syndromes: ESMO Clinical Practice Guidelines for cancer prevention and screening.Ann. Oncol.201627Suppl. 5v103v11010.1093/annonc/mdw32727664246
    [Google Scholar]
  15. ChenS. ParmigianiG. Meta-Analysis of BRCA1 and BRCA2 Penetrance.J. Clin. Oncol.200725111329133310.1200/JCO.2006.09.106617416853
    [Google Scholar]
  16. Dumalaon-CanariaJ.A. HutchinsonA.D. PrichardI. WilsonC. What causes breast cancer? A systematic review of causal attributions among breast cancer survivors and how these compare to expert-endorsed risk factors.Cancer Causes Control201425777178510.1007/s10552‑014‑0377‑324771106
    [Google Scholar]
  17. SurakasulaA. NagarjunapuG. RaghavaiahK.V. A comparative study of pre- and post-menopausal breast cancer: Risk factors, presentation, characteristics and management.J. Res. Pharm. Pract.201431121810.4103/2279‑042X.13270424991630
    [Google Scholar]
  18. SiegelR.L. MillerK.D. JemalA. Cancer statistics, 2016.CA Cancer J. Clin.201666173010.3322/caac.2133226742998
    [Google Scholar]
  19. DrukteinisJ.S. MooneyB.P. FlowersC.I. GatenbyR.A. Beyond mammography: new frontiers in breast cancer screening.Am. J. Med.2013126647247910.1016/j.amjmed.2012.11.02523561631
    [Google Scholar]
  20. BogdanovaN. HelbigS. DörkT. Hereditary breast cancer: ever more pieces to the polygenic puzzle.Hered. Cancer Clin. Pract.20131111210.1186/1897‑4287‑11‑1224025454
    [Google Scholar]
  21. KelseyJ.L. A review of the epidemiology of human breast cancer.Epidemiol. Rev.1979117410910.1093/oxfordjournals.epirev.a036215398270
    [Google Scholar]
  22. SharmaG. AnabousiS. EhrhardtC. Ravi KumarM.N.V. Liposomes as targeted drug delivery systems in the treatment of breast cancer.J. Drug Target.200614530131010.1080/1061186060080911216882550
    [Google Scholar]
  23. HewittM. BreenN. DevesaS. Cancer prevalence and survivorship issues: analyses of the 1992 National Health Interview Survey.J. Natl. Cancer Inst.199991171480148610.1093/jnci/91.17.148010469749
    [Google Scholar]
  24. UmekitaY. SoudaM. OhiY. SagaraY. RaiY. TakahamaT. YoshidaH. Expression of wild-type estrogen receptor β protein in human breast cancer: Specific correlation with HER2/ neu overexpression.Pathol. Int.200656842342710.1111/j.1440‑1827.2006.01983.x16872435
    [Google Scholar]
  25. TungsukruthaiS. PetpiroonN. ChanvorachoteP. Molecular mechanisms of breast cancer metastasis and potential anti-metastatic compounds.Anticancer Res.20183852607261829715080
    [Google Scholar]
  26. HanahanD. WeinbergR.A. The hallmarks of cancer.Cell20001001577010.1016/S0092‑8674(00)81683‑910647931
    [Google Scholar]
  27. CroweD.L. ShulerC.F. Regulation of tumor cell invasion by extracellular matrix.Histol. Histopathol.199914266567110212827
    [Google Scholar]
  28. SchuurER DeAndradeJP Breast cancer: molecular mechanisms, diagnosis, and treatment.International Manual of Oncology Practice. de MelloR TavaresÁ MountziosG SpringerCham201515520010.1007/978‑3‑319‑21683‑6_9
    [Google Scholar]
  29. LoveR.R. PhilipsJ. Oophorectomy for breast cancer: history revisited.J. Natl. Cancer Inst.200294191433143410.1093/jnci/94.19.143312359852
    [Google Scholar]
  30. BernsteinL. RossR.K. Endogenous hormones and breast cancer risk.Epidemiol. Rev.1993151486510.1093/oxfordjournals.epirev.a0361168405212
    [Google Scholar]
  31. HallJ.M. CouseJ.F. KorachK.S. The multifaceted mechanisms of estradiol and estrogen receptor signaling.J. Biol. Chem.200127640368693687210.1074/jbc.R10002920011459850
    [Google Scholar]
  32. SlamonD.J. ClarkG.M. WongS.G. LevinW.J. UllrichA. McGuireW.L. Human breast cancer: correlation of relapse and survival with amplification of the HER-2/neu oncogene.Science1987235478517718210.1126/science.37981063798106
    [Google Scholar]
  33. SlamonD.J. Leyland-JonesB. ShakS. FuchsH. PatonV. BajamondeA. FlemingT. EiermannW. WolterJ. PegramM. BaselgaJ. NortonL. Use of chemotherapy plus a monoclonal antibody against HER2 for metastatic breast cancer that overexpresses HER2.N. Engl. J. Med.20013441178379210.1056/NEJM20010315344110111248153
    [Google Scholar]
  34. TheryJ.C. SpanoJ.P. AzriaD. RaymondE. Penault LlorcaF. Resistance to human epidermal growth factor receptor type 2-targeted therapies.Eur. J. Cancer201450589290110.1016/j.ejca.2014.01.00324462377
    [Google Scholar]
  35. BaselgaJ. CortésJ. KimS.B. ImS.A. HeggR. ImY.H. RomanL. PedriniJ.L. PienkowskiT. KnottA. ClarkE. BenyunesM.C. RossG. SwainS.M. CLEOPATRA Study Group Pertuzumab plus trastuzumab plus docetaxel for metastatic breast cancer.N. Engl. J. Med.2012366210911910.1056/NEJMoa111321622149875
    [Google Scholar]
  36. VenkitaramanA.R. Cancer susceptibility and the functions of BRCA1 and BRCA2.Cell2002108217118210.1016/S0092‑8674(02)00615‑311832208
    [Google Scholar]
  37. FongP.C. BossD.S. YapT.A. TuttA. WuP. Mergui-RoelvinkM. MortimerP. SwaislandH. LauA. O’ConnorM.J. AshworthA. CarmichaelJ. KayeS.B. SchellensJ.H.M. de BonoJ.S. Inhibition of poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase in tumors from BRCA mutation carriers.N. Engl. J. Med.2009361212313410.1056/NEJMoa090021219553641
    [Google Scholar]
  38. AlexanderD.D. MorimotoL.M. MinkP.J. LoweK.A. Summary and meta-analysis of prospective studies of animal fat intake and breast cancer.Nutr. Res. Rev.201023116917910.1017/S095442241000003X20181297
    [Google Scholar]
  39. ChlebowskiR.T. HendrixS.L. LangerR.D. StefanickM.L. GassM. LaneD. RodaboughR.J. GilliganM.A. CyrM.G. ThomsonC.A. KhandekarJ. PetrovitchH. McTiernanA. for the WHI Investigators Influence of estrogen plus progestin on breast cancer and mammography in healthy postmenopausal women: the women’s health initiative randomized trial.JAMA2003289243243325310.1001/jama.289.24.324312824205
    [Google Scholar]
  40. WoodL.D. ParsonsD.W. JonesS. LinJ. SjöblomT. LearyR.J. ShenD. BocaS.M. BarberT. PtakJ. SillimanN. SzaboS. DezsoZ. UstyankskyV. NikolskayaT. NikolskyY. KarchinR. WilsonP.A. KaminkerJ.S. ZhangZ. CroshawR. WillisJ. DawsonD. ShipitsinM. WillsonJ.K.V. SukumarS. PolyakK. ParkB.H. PethiyagodaC.L. PantP.V.K. BallingerD.G. SparksA.B. HartiganJ. SmithD.R. SuhE. PapadopoulosN. BuckhaultsP. MarkowitzS.D. ParmigianiG. KinzlerK.W. VelculescuV.E. VogelsteinB. The genomic landscapes of human breast and colorectal cancers.Science200731858531108111310.1126/science.114572017932254
    [Google Scholar]
  41. Cancer Genome Atlas Network. Comprehensive molecular portraits of human breast tumours.Nature20124907418617010.1038/nature1141223000897
    [Google Scholar]
  42. CopelandN.G. JenkinsN.A. Deciphering the genetic landscape of cancer – from genes to pathways.Trends Genet.2009251045546210.1016/j.tig.2009.08.00419818523
    [Google Scholar]
  43. MagbanuaM.J.M. SosaE.V. ScottJ.H. SimkoJ. CollinsC. PinkelD. RyanC.J. ParkJ.W. Isolation and genomic analysis of circulating tumor cells from castration resistant metastatic prostate cancer.BMC Cancer20121217810.1186/1471‑2407‑12‑7822373240
    [Google Scholar]
  44. KreegerP.K. LauffenburgerD.A. Cancer systems biology: a network modeling perspective.Carcinogenesis20103112810.1093/carcin/bgp26119861649
    [Google Scholar]
  45. VeeckJ. EstellerM. Breast cancer epigenetics: from DNA methylation to microRNAs.J. Mammary Gland Biol. Neoplasia201015151710.1007/s10911‑010‑9165‑120101446
    [Google Scholar]
  46. FiskusW. RenY. MohapatraA. BaliP. MandawatA. RaoR. HergerB. YangY. AtadjaP. WuJ. BhallaK. Hydroxamic acid analogue histone deacetylase inhibitors attenuate estrogen receptor-α levels and transcriptional activity: a result of hyperacetylation and inhibition of chaperone function of heat shock protein 90.Clin. Cancer Res.200713164882489010.1158/1078‑0432.CCR‑06‑309317699868
    [Google Scholar]
  47. WaksA.G. WinerE.P. Breast cancer treatment: a review.JAMA2019321328830010.1001/jama.2018.1932330667505
    [Google Scholar]
  48. NahtaR. New developments in the treatment of HER2-positive breast cancer.Brea. Canc.20124536410.2147/BCTT.S2497623869176
    [Google Scholar]
  49. KhanD.R. RezlerE.M. Lauer-FieldsJ. FieldsG.B. Effects of drug hydrophobicity on liposomal stability.Chem. Biol. Drug Des.20087113710.1111/j.1747‑0285.2007.00610.x18086150
    [Google Scholar]
  50. AkbarzadehA. Rezaei-SadabadyR. DavaranS. JooS.W. ZarghamiN. HanifehpourY. SamieiM. KouhiM. Nejati-KoshkiK. Liposome: classification, preparation, and applications.Nanoscale Res. Lett.20138110210.1186/1556‑276X‑8‑10223432972
    [Google Scholar]
  51. RezlerE.M. KhanD.R. Lauer-FieldsJ. CudicM. Baronas-LowellD. FieldsG.B. Targeted drug delivery utilizing protein-like molecular architecture.J. Am. Chem. Soc.2007129164961497210.1021/ja066929m17397150
    [Google Scholar]
  52. LaoJ MadaniJ PuértolasT Liposomal doxorubicin in the treatment of breast cancer patients: a review.J Drug Deliv2013201345640910.1155/2013/45640923634302
    [Google Scholar]
  53. DhankharR. VyasS.P. JainA.K. AroraS. RathG. GoyalA.K. Advances in novel drug delivery strategies for breast cancer therapy.Artif. Cells Blood Substit. Immobil. Biotechnol.201038523024910.3109/10731199.2010.49457820677900
    [Google Scholar]
  54. KrishnaR. MayerL.D. The use of liposomal anticancer agents to determine the roles of drug pharmacodistribution and P-glycoprotein (PGP) blockade in overcoming multidrug resistance (MDR).Anticancer Res.1999194B2885289110652569
    [Google Scholar]
  55. BanghamA.D. StandishM.M. WatkinsJ.C. Diffusion of univalent ions across the lamellae of swollen phospholipids.J. Mol. Biol.1965131238IN2710.1016/S0022‑2836(65)80093‑65859039
    [Google Scholar]
  56. BanerjeeR. Liposomes: Applications in Medicine.J. Biomater. Appl.200116132110.1106/RA7U‑1V9C‑RV7C‑8QXL11475357
    [Google Scholar]
  57. GregoriadisG. Liposomes as immunoadjuvants and vaccine carriers: antigen entrapment.ImmunoMethods19944321021610.1006/immu.1994.10227820451
    [Google Scholar]
  58. LangnerM. KralT.E. Liposome-based drug delivery systems.Pol. J. Pharmacol.199951321122210600035
    [Google Scholar]
  59. SugarmanS.M. Perez-SolerR. Liposomes in the treatment of malignancy: a clinical perspective.Crit. Rev. Oncol. Hematol.199212323124210.1016/1040‑8428(92)90056‑V1497823
    [Google Scholar]
  60. GregoriadisG. Overview of liposomes.J. Antimicrob. Chemother.199128Suppl. B394810.1093/jac/28.suppl_B.391778891
    [Google Scholar]
  61. KozubekA. GubernatorJ. PrzeworskaE. StasiukM. Liposomal drug delivery, a novel approach: PLARosomes.Acta Biochim. Pol.200047363964910.18388/abp.2000_398511310966
    [Google Scholar]
  62. van RooijenN. van NieuwmegenR. Liposomes in immunology: multilamellar phosphatidylcholine liposomes as a simple, biodegradable and harmless adjuvant without any immunogenic activity of its own.Immunol. Commun.19809324325610.3109/088201380090659977399568
    [Google Scholar]
  63. CampbellP.I. Toxicity of some charged lipids used in liposome preparations.Cytobios19833714521266851664
    [Google Scholar]
  64. BhatiaA. KumarR. KatareO.P. Tamoxifen in topical liposomes: development, characterization and in-vitro evaluation.J. Pharm. Pharm. Sci.20047225225915367383
    [Google Scholar]
  65. JainR.K. Transport of molecules, particles, and cells in solid tumors.Annu. Rev. Biomed. Eng.19991124126310.1146/annurev.bioeng.1.1.24111701489
    [Google Scholar]
  66. WolffA.C. Liposomal anthracyclines and new treatment approaches for breast cancer.Oncologist20038S2Suppl. 2253010.1634/theoncologist.8‑suppl_2‑2513679593
    [Google Scholar]
  67. ChenH. GaoJ. WangF. LiangW. Preparation, characterization and pharmacokinetics of liposomes-encapsulated cyclodextrins inclusion complexes for hydrophobic drugs.Drug Deliv.200714420120810.1080/1071754060103688017497352
    [Google Scholar]
  68. GregoriadisG FlorenceAT Liposomes and cancer therapy.Cancer cellsCold Spring HarborNY: 1989199134144146
    [Google Scholar]
  69. Lopes de MenezesD.E. HudonN. McIntoshN. MayerL.D. Molecular and pharmacokinetic properties associated with the therapeutics of bcl-2 antisense oligonucleotide G3139 combined with free and liposomal doxorubicin.Clin. Cancer Res.2000672891290210914739
    [Google Scholar]
  70. GatesC. PinneyR.J. Amphotericin B and its delivery by liposomal and lipid formulations.J. Clin. Pharm. Ther.199318314715310.1111/j.1365‑2710.1993.tb00605.x8344999
    [Google Scholar]
  71. ParkJ.W. HongK. CarterP. AsgariH. GuoL.Y. KellerG.A. WirthC. ShalabyR. KottsC. WoodW.I. Development of anti-p185HER2 immunoliposomes for cancer therapy.Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA19959251327133110.1073/pnas.92.5.13277877976
    [Google Scholar]
  72. HungM.C. MatinA. ZhangY. XingX. SorgiF. HuangL. YuD. HER-2/neu-targeting gene therapy-a review.Gene19951591657110.1016/0378‑1119(94)00459‑67607574
    [Google Scholar]
  73. BaselgaJ. Treatment of HER2-overexpressing breast cancer.Ann. Oncol.201021Suppl. 7vii36vii4010.1093/annonc/mdq42120943641
    [Google Scholar]
  74. ParkJ.W. Liposome-based drug delivery in breast cancer treatment.Breast Cancer Res.200243959910.1186/bcr43212052251
    [Google Scholar]
  75. MyatY.Y. SahatsapanN. RojanarataT. NgawhirunpatT. OpanasopitP. PornpitchanarongC. PatrojanasophonP. Antibody-decorated chitosan-iodoacetamide-coated nanocarriers for the potential delivery of doxorubicin to breast cancer cells.Int. J. Biol. Macromol.2024258Pt 112879710.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.12879738104687
    [Google Scholar]
  76. Vakili-GhartavolR. RezayatS.M. Faridi-MajidiR. SadriK. JaafariM.R. Optimization of Docetaxel Loading Conditions in Liposomes: proposing potential products for metastatic breast carcinoma chemotherapy.Sci. Rep.2020101556910.1038/s41598‑020‑62501‑132221371
    [Google Scholar]
  77. ShakouriA. KahrobaH. HamishekarH. AbdolalizadehJ. Nanoencapsulation of Hirudo medicinalis proteins in liposomes as a nanocarrier for inhibiting angiogenesis through targeting VEGFA in the Breast cancer cell line (MCF-7).Bioimpacts202112211512610.34172/bi.2021.3935411300
    [Google Scholar]
  78. MondalL. MukherjeeB. DasK. BhattacharyaS. DuttaD. ChakrabortyS. PalM.M. GaonkarR.H. DebnathM.C. CD-340 functionalized doxorubicin-loaded nanoparticle induces apoptosis and reduces tumor volume along with drug-related cardiotoxicity in mice.Int. J. Nanomedicine2019148073809410.2147/IJN.S22074031632019
    [Google Scholar]
  79. AğardanN.B.M. DeğimZ. YılmazŞ. AltıntaşL. TopalT. Tamoxifen/raloxifene loaded liposomes for oral treatment of breast cancer.J. Drug Deliv. Sci. Technol.20205710161210.1016/j.jddst.2020.101612
    [Google Scholar]
  80. ColomerR. Aranda-LópezI. AlbanellJ. García-CaballeroT. CiruelosE. López-GarcíaM.Á. CortésJ. RojoF. MartínM. Palacios-CalvoJ. Biomarkers in breast cancer: A consensus statement by the Spanish Society of Medical Oncology and the Spanish Society of Pathology.Clin. Transl. Oncol.201820781582610.1007/s12094‑017‑1800‑529273958
    [Google Scholar]
  81. Early breast cancer trialists’ collaborative group. Tamoxifen for early breast cancer: an overview of the randomised trials.Lancet199835191141451146710.1016/S0140‑6736(97)11423‑49605801
    [Google Scholar]
  82. ColleoniM. VialeG. ZahriehD. PruneriG. GentiliniO. VeronesiP. GelberR.D. CuriglianoG. TorrisiR. LuiniA. IntraM. GalimbertiV. RenneG. NolèF. PeruzzottiG. GoldhirschA. Chemotherapy is more effective in patients with breast cancer not expressing steroid hormone receptors: a study of preoperative treatment.Clin. Cancer Res.200410196622662810.1158/1078‑0432.CCR‑04‑038015475452
    [Google Scholar]
  83. RingA.E. SmithI.E. AshleyS. FulfordL.G. LakhaniS.R. Oestrogen receptor status, pathological complete response and prognosis in patients receiving neoadjuvant chemotherapy for early breast cancer.Br. J. Cancer200491122012201710.1038/sj.bjc.660223515558072
    [Google Scholar]
  84. HolstF. StahlP.R. RuizC. HellwinkelO. JehanZ. WendlandM. LebeauA. TerraccianoL. Al-KurayaK. JänickeF. SauterG. SimonR. Estrogen receptor alpha (ESR1) gene amplification is frequent in breast cancer.Nat. Genet.200739565566010.1038/ng200617417639
    [Google Scholar]
  85. VialeG. ReganM.M. MaioranoE. MastropasquaM.G. Dell’OrtoP. RasmussenB.B. RaffoulJ. NevenP. OroszZ. BrayeS. ÖhlschlegelC. ThürlimannB. GelberR.D. Castiglione-GertschM. PriceK.N. GoldhirschA. GustersonB.A. CoatesA.S. Prognostic and predictive value of centrally reviewed expression of estrogen and progesterone receptors in a randomized trial comparing letrozole and tamoxifen adjuvant therapy for postmenopausal early breast cancer: BIG 1-98.J. Clin. Oncol.200725253846385210.1200/JCO.2007.11.945317679725
    [Google Scholar]
  86. DowsettM. HoughtonJ. IdenC. SalterJ. FarndonJ. A’HernR. SainsburyR. BaumM. Benefit from adjuvant tamoxifen therapy in primary breast cancer patients according oestrogen receptor, progesterone receptor, EGF receptor and HER2 status.Ann. Oncol.200617581882610.1093/annonc/mdl01616497822
    [Google Scholar]
  87. ElledgeR.M. GreenS. PughR. AllredD.C. ClarkG.M. HillJ. RavdinP. MartinoS. OsborneC.K. Estrogen receptor (ER) and progesterone receptor (PgR), by ligand-binding assay compared with ER, PgR and pS2, by immuno-histochemistry in predicting response to tamoxifen in metastatic breast cancer: A Southwest Oncology Group study.Int. J. Cancer200089211111710.1002/(SICI)1097‑0215(20000320)89:2<111::AID‑IJC2>3.0.CO;2‑W10754487
    [Google Scholar]
  88. DowsettM. CuzickJ. WaleC. HowellT. HoughtonJ. BaumM. Retrospective analysis of time to recurrence in the ATAC trial according to hormone receptor status: an hypothesis-generating study.J. Clin. Oncol.200523307512751710.1200/JCO.2005.01.482916234518
    [Google Scholar]
  89. WolffA.C. HammondM.E.H. HicksD.G. DowsettM. McShaneL.M. AllisonK.H. AllredD.C. BartlettJ.M.S. BilousM. FitzgibbonsP. HannaW. JenkinsR.B. ManguP.B. PaikS. PerezE.A. PressM.F. SpearsP.A. VanceG.H. VialeG. HayesD.F. American Society of Clinical Oncology College of American Pathologists Recommendations for human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 testing in breast cancer: American Society of Clinical Oncology/College of American Pathologists clinical practice guideline update.Arch. Pathol. Lab. Med.2014138224125610.5858/arpa.2013‑0953‑SA24099077
    [Google Scholar]
  90. PaikS. Is gene array testing to be considered routine now?Breast201120Suppl. 3S87S9110.1016/S0960‑9776(11)70301‑022015300
    [Google Scholar]
  91. GerdesJ. SchwabU. LemkeH. SteinH. Production of a mouse monoclonal antibody reactive with a human nuclear antigen associated with cell proliferation.Int. J. Cancer1983311132010.1002/ijc.29103101046339421
    [Google Scholar]
  92. LopezF. BellocF. LacombeF. DumainP. ReiffersJ. BernardP. BoisseauM.R. Modalities of synthesis of Ki67 antigen during the stimulation of lymphocytes.Cytometry1991121424910.1002/cyto.9901201071999122
    [Google Scholar]
  93. HarrisL. FritscheH. MennelR. NortonL. RavdinP. TaubeS. SomerfieldM.R. HayesD.F. BastR.C.Jr American society of clinical oncology 2007 update of recommendations for the use of tumor markers in breast cancer.J. Clin. Oncol.200725335287531210.1200/JCO.2007.14.236417954709
    [Google Scholar]
  94. TrihiaH. MurrayS. PriceK. GelberR.D. GolouhR. GoldhirschA. CoatesA.S. CollinsJ. Castiglione-GertschM. GustersonB.A. Ki-67 expression in breast carcinoma. Its association with grading systems, clinical parameters, and other prognostic factors—A surrogate marker?.Canc.: Interdiscipl. Int. J. Amer. Canc. Soci.20039751321133110.1002/cncr.1118812599241
    [Google Scholar]
  95. HaerslevT. JacobsenG.K. ZedelerK. Correlation of growth fraction by Ki-67 and proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) immunohistochemistry with histopathological parameters and prognosis in primary breast carcinomas.Breast Cancer Res. Treat.199637210111310.1007/BF018064928750578
    [Google Scholar]
  96. NicholsonR.I. McClellandR.A. FinlayP. EatonC.L. GullickW.J. DixonA.R. RobertsonJ.F.R. BlameyR.W. EllisI.O. Relationship between EGF-R, c-erbB-2 protein expression and Ki67 immunostaining in breast cancer and hormone sensitivity.Eur. J. Cancer19932971018102310.1016/S0959‑8049(05)80215‑18098946
    [Google Scholar]
  97. RudolphP. OlssonH. BonatzG. RatjenV. BolteH. BaldetorpB. FernöM. ParwareschR. AlmP. Correlation between p53, c-erbB-2, and topoisomerase II α expression, DNA ploidy, hormonal receptor status and proliferation in 356 node-negative breast carcinomas: prognostic implications.J. Pathol.1999187220721610.1002/(SICI)1096‑9896(199901)187:2<207::AID‑PATH223>3.0.CO;2‑U10365096
    [Google Scholar]
  98. de AzambujaE. CardosoF. de CastroG.Jr ColozzaM. ManoM.S. DurbecqV. SotiriouC. LarsimontD. Piccart-GebhartM.J. PaesmansM. Ki-67 as prognostic marker in early breast cancer: a meta-analysis of published studies involving 12 155 patients.Br. J. Cancer200796101504151310.1038/sj.bjc.660375617453008
    [Google Scholar]
  99. ChangJ. OrmerodM. PowlesT.J. AllredD.C. AshleyS.E. DowsettM. Apoptosis and proliferation as predictors of chemotherapy response in patients with breast carcinoma.Cancer200089112145215210.1002/1097‑0142(20001201)89:11<2145::AID‑CNCR1>3.0.CO;2‑S11147583
    [Google Scholar]
  100. ChangJ. PowlesT.J. AllredD.C. AshleyS.E. MakrisA. GregoryR.K. OsborneC.K. DowsettM. Prediction of clinical outcome from primary tamoxifen by expression of biologic markers in breast cancer patients.Clin. Cancer Res.20006261662110690547
    [Google Scholar]
  101. FaneyteI.F. SchramaJ.G. PeterseJ.L. RemijnseP.L. RodenhuisS. van de VijverM.J. Breast cancer response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy: predictive markers and relation with outcome.Br. J. Cancer200388340641210.1038/sj.bjc.660074912569384
    [Google Scholar]
  102. DowsettM. EbbsS.R. DixonJ.M. SkeneA. GriffithC. BoeddinghausI. SalterJ. DetreS. HillsM. AshleyS. FrancisS. WalshG. SmithI.E. Biomarker changes during neoadjuvant anastrozole, tamoxifen, or the combination: influence of hormonal status and HER-2 in breast cancer--a study from the IMPACT trialists.J. Clin. Oncol.200523112477249210.1200/JCO.2005.07.55915767642
    [Google Scholar]
  103. DowsettM. SmithI.E. EbbsS.R. DixonJ.M. SkeneA. GriffithC. BoeddinghausI. SalterJ. DetreS. HillsM. AshleyS. FrancisS. WalshG. IMPACT Trialists Short-term changes in Ki-67 during neoadjuvant treatment of primary breast cancer with anastrozole or tamoxifen alone or combined correlate with recurrence-free survival.Clin. Cancer Res.2005112951s958s10.1158/1078‑0432.951s.11.215701892
    [Google Scholar]
  104. DowsettM. SmithI.E. EbbsS.R. DixonJ.M. SkeneA. GriffithC. BoeddinghausI. SalterJ. DetreS. HillsM. AshleyS. FrancisS. WalshG. A’HernR. Proliferation and apoptosis as markers of benefit in neoadjuvant endocrine therapy of breast cancer.Clin. Cancer Res.20061231024s1030s10.1158/1078‑0432.CCR‑05‑212716467120
    [Google Scholar]
  105. BuckleyM.F. SweeneyK.J. HamiltonJ.A. SiniR.L. ManningD.L. NicholsonR.I. deFazioA. WattsC.K. MusgroveE.A. SutherlandR.L. Expression and amplification of cyclin genes in human breast cancer.Oncogene199388212721338336939
    [Google Scholar]
  106. GillettC. FantlV. SmithR. FisherC. BartekJ. DicksonC. BarnesD. PetersG. Amplification and overexpression of cyclin D1 in breast cancer detected by immunohistochemical staining.Cancer Res.1994547181218178137296
    [Google Scholar]
  107. OrmandyC.J. MusgroveE.A. HuiR. DalyR.J. SutherlandR.L. Cyclin D1, EMS1 and 11q13 amplification in breast cancer.Breast Cancer Res. Treat.200378332333510.1023/A:102303370820412755491
    [Google Scholar]
  108. MusgroveE.A. HamiltonJ.A. LeeC.S. SweeneyK.J. WattsC.K. SutherlandR.L. Growth factor, steroid, and steroid antagonist regulation of cyclin gene expression associated with changes in T-47D human breast cancer cell cycle progression.Mol. Cell. Biol.1993136357735878497271
    [Google Scholar]
  109. MatsushimeH. QuelleD.E. ShurtleffS.A. ShibuyaM. SherrC.J. KatoJ.Y. D-type cyclin-dependent kinase activity in mammalian cells.Mol. Cell. Biol.1994143206620768114738
    [Google Scholar]
  110. ZwijsenR.M.L. WientjensE. KlompmakerR. van der SmanJ. BernardsR. MichalidesR.J.A.M. CDK-independent activation of estrogen receptor by cyclin D1.Cell199788340541510.1016/S0092‑8674(00)81879‑69039267
    [Google Scholar]
  111. HuiR. CornishA.L. McClellandR.A. RobertsonJ.F. BlameyR.W. MusgroveE.A. NicholsonR.I. SutherlandR.L. Cyclin D1 and estrogen receptor messenger RNA levels are positively correlated in primary breast cancer.Clin. Cancer Res.1996269239289816251
    [Google Scholar]
  112. BarbareschiM. PelosioP. CaffoO. ButtittaF. PellegriniS. BarbazzaR. Dalla PalmaP. BevilacquaG. MarchettiA. Cyclin-d1-gene amplification and expression in breast carcinoma: Relation with clinicopathologic characteristics and with retinoblastoma gene product, p53 and p21waf1 immunohistochemical expression.Int. J. Cancer199774217117410.1002/(SICI)1097‑0215(19970422)74:2<171::AID‑IJC5>3.0.CO;2‑W9133450
    [Google Scholar]
  113. JaresP. ReyM.J. FernándezP.L. CampoE. NadalA. MuñozM. MallofréC. MuntanéJ. NayachI. EstapéJ. CardesaA. Cyclin D1 and retinoblastoma gene expression in human breast carcinoma: correlation with tumour proliferation and oestrogen receptor status.J. Pathol.1997182216016610.1002/(SICI)1096‑9896(199706)182:2<160::AID‑PATH814>3.0.CO;2‑29274525
    [Google Scholar]
  114. GillettC. SmithP. GregoryW. RichardsM. MillisR. PetersG. BarnesD. Cyclin D1 and prognosis in human breast cancer.Int. J. Cancer1996692929910.1002/(SICI)1097‑0215(19960422)69:2<92::AID‑IJC4>3.0.CO;2‑Q8608989
    [Google Scholar]
  115. HwangT.S. HanH.S. HongY.C. LeeH.J. PaikN.S. Prognostic value of combined analysis of cyclin D1 and estrogen receptor status in breast cancer patients.Pathol. Int.2003532748010.1046/j.1440‑1827.2003.01441.x12588434
    [Google Scholar]
  116. BilalovićN. VranićS. BasićH. TatarevićA. SelakI. Immunohistochemical evaluation of cyclin D1 in breast cancer.Croat. Med. J.200546338238815861516
    [Google Scholar]
  117. MichalidesR. HagemanP. van TinterenH. HoubenL. WientjensE. KlompmakerR. PeterseJ. A clinicopathological study on overexpression of cyclin D1 and of p53 in a series of 248 patients with operable breast cancer.Br. J. Cancer199673672873410.1038/bjc.1996.1288611372
    [Google Scholar]
  118. SeshadriR. LeeC.S. HuiR. McCaulK. HorsfallD.J. SutherlandR.L. Cyclin DI amplification is not associated with reduced overall survival in primary breast cancer but may predict early relapse in patients with features of good prognosis.Clin. Cancer Res.199627117711849816285
    [Google Scholar]
  119. BiècheI. OliviM. NoguèsC. VidaudM. LidereauR. Prognostic value of CCND1 gene status in sporadic breast tumours, as determined by real-time quantitative PCR assays.Br. J. Cancer200286458058610.1038/sj.bjc.660010911870541
    [Google Scholar]
  120. StendahlM. KronbladÅ. RydénL. EmdinS. BengtssonN.O. LandbergG. Cyclin D1 overexpression is a negative predictive factor for tamoxifen response in postmenopausal breast cancer patients.Br. J. Cancer200490101942194810.1038/sj.bjc.660183115138475
    [Google Scholar]
  121. JirströmK. StendahlM. RydénL. KronbladÅ. BendahlP.O. StålO. LandbergG. Adverse effect of adjuvant tamoxifen in premenopausal breast cancer with cyclin D1 gene amplification.Cancer Res.200565178009801610.1158/0008‑5472.CAN‑05‑074616140974
    [Google Scholar]
  122. KoffA. GiordanoA. DesaiD. YamashitaK. HarperJ.W. ElledgeS. NishimotoT. MorganD.O. FranzaB.R. RobertsJ.M. Formation and activation of a cyclin E-cdk2 complex during the G1 phase of the human cell cycle.Science199225750771689169410.1126/science.13882881388288
    [Google Scholar]
  123. KeyomarsiK. PardeeA.B. Redundant cyclin overexpression and gene amplification in breast cancer cells.Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA19939031112111610.1073/pnas.90.3.11128430082
    [Google Scholar]
  124. BortnerD.M. RosenbergM.P. Induction of mammary gland hyperplasia and carcinomas in transgenic mice expressing human cyclin E.Mol. Cell. Biol.199717145345910.1128/MCB.17.1.4538972226
    [Google Scholar]
  125. KeyomarsiK. O’LearyN. MolnarG. LeesE. FingertH.J. PardeeA.B. Cyclin E, a potential prognostic marker for breast cancer.Cancer Res.19945423803857903908
    [Google Scholar]
  126. NielsenN.H. ArnerlövC. EmdinS.O. LandbergG. Cyclin E overexpression, a negative prognostic factor in breast cancer with strong correlation to oestrogen receptor status.Br. J. Cancer199674687488010.1038/bjc.1996.4518826852
    [Google Scholar]
  127. WanguQ-S. SabourinC.L.K. WangH. StonerG.D. Overexpression of cyclin D1 and cyclin E in N-nitrosomethylbezylamine-induced rat esophageal tumorigenesis.Carcinogenesis19961781583158810.1093/carcin/17.8.15838761413
    [Google Scholar]
  128. WingateH. PuskasA. DuongM. BuiT. RichardsonD. LiuY. TuckerS.L. Van PeltC. MeijerL. HuntK. KeyomarsiK. Low molecular weight cyclin E is specific in breast cancer and is associated with mechanisms of tumor progression.Cell Cycle2009871062106810.4161/cc.8.7.811919305161
    [Google Scholar]
  129. KeyomarsiK TuckerSL BuchholzTA Cyclin E and survival in patients with breast cancer.N Engl J Med2002347201566157510.1056/NEJMoa02115312432043
    [Google Scholar]
  130. SmithM.L. SeoY.R. Sensitivity of cyclin E-overexpressing cells to cisplatin/taxol combinations.Anticancer Res.20002042537253910953323
    [Google Scholar]
  131. AkliS. KeyomarsiK. Low-molecular-weight cyclin E: the missing link between biology and clinical outcome.Breast Cancer Res.20046518819110.1186/bcr90515318923
    [Google Scholar]
  132. EnmarkE. Pelto-HuikkoM. GrandienK. LagercrantzS. LagercrantzJ. FriedG. NordenskjöldM. GustafssonJ.A. Human estrogen receptor β-gene structure, chromosomal localization, and expression pattern.J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab.199782124258426510.1210/jc.82.12.42589398750
    [Google Scholar]
  133. MatthewsJ. GustafssonJ.Å. Estrogen signaling: a subtle balance between ER α and ER β.Mol. Interv.20033528129210.1124/mi.3.5.28114993442
    [Google Scholar]
  134. LiuY. GaoH. MarstrandT.T. StrömA. ValenE. SandelinA. GustafssonJ.Å. Dahlman-WrightK. The genome landscape of ERα- and ERβ-binding DNA regions.Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA200810572604260910.1073/pnas.071208510518272478
    [Google Scholar]
  135. RogerP. SahlaM.E. MäkeläS. GustafssonJ.Å. BaldetP. RochefortH. Decreased expression of estrogen receptor β protein in proliferative preinvasive mammary tumors.Cancer Res.20016162537254111289127
    [Google Scholar]
  136. SklirisG.P. MunotK. BellS.M. CarderP.J. LaneS. HorganK. LansdownM.R.J. ParkesA.T. HanbyA.M. MarkhamA.F. SpeirsV. Reduced expression of oestrogen receptor β in invasive breast cancer and its re-expression using DNA methyl transferase inhibitors in a cell line model.J. Pathol.2003201221322010.1002/path.143614517838
    [Google Scholar]
  137. BardinA. BoulleN. LazennecG. VignonF. PujolP. Loss of ERβ expression as a common step in estrogen-dependent tumor progression.Endocr. Relat. Cancer200411353755110.1677/erc.1.0080015369453
    [Google Scholar]
  138. SotocaA.M. RatmanD. van der SaagP. StrömA. GustafssonJ.A. VervoortJ. RietjensI.M.C.M. MurkA.J. Phytoestrogen-mediated inhibition of proliferation of the human T47D breast cancer cells depends on the ERα/ERβ ratio.J. Steroid Biochem. Mol. Biol.20081124-517117810.1016/j.jsbmb.2008.10.00218955141
    [Google Scholar]
  139. HoppT.A. WeissH.L. ParraI.S. CuiY. OsborneC.K. FuquaS.A.W. Low levels of estrogen receptor β protein predict resistance to tamoxifen therapy in breast cancer.Clin. Cancer Res.200410227490749910.1158/1078‑0432.CCR‑04‑111415569979
    [Google Scholar]
  140. JärvinenT.A.H. Pelto-HuikkoM. HolliK. IsolaJ. Estrogen receptor β is coexpressed with ERalpha and PR and associated with nodal status, grade, and proliferation rate in breast cancer.Am. J. Pathol.20001561293510.1016/S0002‑9440(10)64702‑510623650
    [Google Scholar]
  141. OmotoY. InoueS. OgawaS. ToyamaT. YamashitaH. MuramatsuM. KobayashiS. IwaseH. Clinical value of the wild-type estrogen receptor β expression in breast cancer.Cancer Lett.2001163220721210.1016/S0304‑3835(00)00680‑711165756
    [Google Scholar]
  142. SklirisG.P. LeygueE. Curtis-SnellL. WatsonP.H. MurphyL.C. Expression of oestrogen receptor-β in oestrogen receptor-α negative human breast tumours.Br. J. Cancer200695561662610.1038/sj.bjc.660329516880783
    [Google Scholar]
  143. JensenE.V. ChengG. PalmieriC. SajiS. MäkeläS. Van NoordenS. WahlströmT. WarnerM. CoombesR.C. GustafssonJ.Å. Estrogen receptors and proliferation markers in primary and recurrent breast cancer.Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA20019826151971520210.1073/pnas.21155629811734621
    [Google Scholar]
  144. BaltzerP.A.T. KapetasP. MarinoM.A. ClauserP. New diagnostic tools for breast cancer.Mag. Eur. Med. Oncol.201710317518010.1007/s12254‑017‑0341‑528989543
    [Google Scholar]
  145. BharadwajS. SarkarD.K. Chapter 1 - The Epidemiology of Breast Cancer.Breast Diseases.CRC Press202414
    [Google Scholar]
  146. Medications for Breast CancerAvailable from: https://www.drugs.com/condition/breast-cancer.html
  147. Radiation therapy for breast cancerAvailable from: https://www.mayoclinic.org/tests-procedures/radiation-therapy-for-breast-cancer/about/pac-20384940
  148. SignoreA. LauriC. AulettaS. VaraniM. OnofrioL. GlaudemansA.W.J.M. PanzutoF. MarchettiP. Radiopharmaceuticals for breast cancer and neuroendocrine tumors: two examples of how tissue characterization may influence the choice of therapy.Cancers202012478110.3390/cancers1204078132218303
    [Google Scholar]
  149. McLartyK. CornelissenB. ScollardD.A. DoneS.J. ChunK. ReillyR.M. Associations between the uptake of 111In-DTPA-trastuzumab, HER2 density and response to trastuzumab (Herceptin) in athymic mice bearing subcutaneous human tumour xenografts.Eur. J. Nucl. Med. Mol. Imag.2009361819310.1007/s00259‑008‑0923‑x18712381
    [Google Scholar]
  150. DijkersE.C. Oude MunninkT.H. KosterinkJ.G. BrouwersA.H. JagerP.L. de JongJ.R. van DongenG.A. SchröderC.P. Lub-de HoogeM.N. de VriesE.G. Biodistribution of 89Zr-trastuzumab and PET imaging of HER2-positive lesions in patients with metastatic breast cancer.Clin. Pharmacol. Ther.201087558659210.1038/clpt.2010.1220357763
    [Google Scholar]
  151. DastjerdN.T. ValibeikA. Rahimi MonfaredS. GoodarziG. Moradi SarabiM. HajabdollahiF. ManiatiM. AmriJ. Samavarchi TehraniS. Gene therapy: A promising approach for breast cancer treatment.Cell Biochem. Funct.2022401284810.1002/cbf.367634904722
    [Google Scholar]
/content/journals/cddt/10.2174/0115701638300812240417055802
Loading
/content/journals/cddt/10.2174/0115701638300812240417055802
Loading

Data & Media loading...


  • Article Type:
    Review Article
Keyword(s): biomarker; Breast cancer; liposome; malignancy; mammography; targeted delivery
This is a required field
Please enter a valid email address
Approval was a Success
Invalid data
An Error Occurred
Approval was partially successful, following selected items could not be processed due to error
Please enter a valid_number test