s Exploring Structure-function Relationship of Two-dimensional Electrocatalysts with Synchrotron Radiation X-ray Absorption Spectrum

Two-dimensional (2D) nanomaterials with unique anisotropy and electronic properties are deemed as an ideal platform for establishing clear relationships between structure and catalytic reactivity. Knowledge of their structures is essential for understanding the catalytic behavior, which further facilitates the development of high-performance catalysts. In this review, we focus on the recent progress of synchrotron radiation X-ray absorption spectrum (XAS) techniques in exploring the structure-function relationship of two-dimensional electrocatalysts. Also, we summarize the application of XAS technique in disclosing key factors that affect the catalytic activity, including identification of local atomic structure, electronic structure and defect structure. Through the characterization of the catalytic process with XAS technique, we further highlight the atomic-level correlation between structure and function in the field of oxygen evolution, oxygen reduction, hydrogen evolution and CO2 reduction. Finally, we propose the major challenges and prospects of XAS technique in advancing the development of two-dimensional electrocatalysts. We anticipate that this review provides critical insights into the application of the XAS technique in electrocatalysis, thereby promoting the development of advanced characterization techniques and the design of high-active catalysts.