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Volume 25, Issue 4
  • ISSN: 1568-0096
  • E-ISSN: 1873-5576

Abstract

Purpose

This study aimed to clarify the expression of a gene associated with Retinoid-Interferon-Induced Mortality-19 (GRIM-19) in Upper Urinary Tract Urothelial Carcinoma (UUTUC) and its prognostic significance for UUTUC patients.

Materials and Methods

Immunohistochemical (IHC) staining was used to determine the GRIM-19 expression in 70 paired samples. Progression-Free Survival (PFS) and Cancer-Specific Survival (CSS) were assessed using the Kaplan-Meier method. The independent prognostic factors for PFS and CSS were analyzed by multivariable Cox regression models.

Results

IHC staining showed that GRIM-19 expression was significantly decreased in UUTUC, and its cellular location changed from being both cytoplasmic and nuclear to only cytoplasmic. Kaplan-Meier analysis revealed that the patients with tumors expressing low GRIM-19 had a significantly higher risk for tumor progression ( = 0.002) and cancer-specific mortality ( < 0.001) compared to those with high GRIM-19 levels. The Cox regression showed that both GRIM-19 expression ( = 0.025) and lymph node metastasis (LN) ( = 0.007) were independent predictors of progression in the muscle-invasive (MIC) subgroup. GRIM-19 expressions (entire cohort: = 0.011; MIC subgroup: = 0.025), LN (entire cohort: = 0.019; MIC subgroup: = 0.007), and progression (entire cohort: < 0.001; MIC subgroup: < 0.001) were independent predictors of cancer-specific survival.

Conclusion

Low expression of GRIM-19 in patients with UUTUC had significantly shorter PFS or CSS compared to those with high GRIM-19-expressing tumors. High GRIM-19 expression was also strongly associated with longer PFS in MIC patients. It indicates that GRIM-19 might serve as a promising prognostic biomarker for UUTUC patients.

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2024-06-05
2025-06-19

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Low Expression of GRIM-19 Correlates with Poor Prognosis in Patients with Upper Urinary Tract Urothelial Carcinoma
Curr. Cancer Drug Targets< 25, 401 (2025); https://doi.org/10.2174/0115680096299093240516163839
/content/journals/ccdt/10.2174/0115680096299093240516163839
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  • Article Type:     Research Article
Keyword(s): Biomarker; gene associated with retinoid-interferon induced mortality-19; immunohistochemistry; lymph node metastasis; prognosis; upper urinary tract urothelial carcinoma

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