Quinoline Fused 2-Azetidinone Derivatives bearing Dihyropyrimidinone: Benign Synthesis and its Pharmacological Assessment

Background: Literature review for azetidinone and its derivatives suggested its wide applications in almost every stratum. However, despite the evergreen applicative profile, an increase in resistance towards specific class has been on a parallel increase. Thus, in view of the versatility in synthetic method and step into further assessing the pharmacological profile of this class of compounds, it was thought to synthesize the 2-azetidinone heterocycles as new congeners of DHPM by incorporating the quinoline moiety in a single molecular framework. Thus, considering this fact, herein we report a simple, novel and environmentally benign approach using facile, microwave synthesis of 2-azetidinone derivatives of dihydropyrimidinone. Method: Following literature review, we carried out the synthesis of our target compounds following a simple reflux method using microwave irradiation. Results: Varied 2-azetidinone derivatives dihydropyrimidinone incorporating the quinoline motif have been synthesized via a facile and benign synthetic protocol. The products were synthesized in fairly good yields (62-84%) under solvent less and microwave conditions. All the synthesized compounds were characterized by FTIR, 1H NMR and elemental analyses. The compounds were screen for their in vivo anti-inflammatory and analgesic activities on Wistar albino rats using Diclofenac and Indomethacin as standard reference drugs respectively and in vitro anti-bacterial activity against some Gram positive and Gram negative strains of bacteria using Ampicillin and Streptomycin as standard reference. This pharmacological assessment data revealed that compounds showed moderate to good antiinflammatory activity, while some compounds showed the exceptional analgesic effect. Moreover, some compounds also gave excellent results for the anti-bacterial activity evaluation against the selected strains of bacteria. Conclusion: To conclude, a series of varied 2-azetidinone derivatives bearing dihydropyrimidinone skeleton was synthesized in good yields and less reaction time under solvent less and microwave conditions. The fairly good observed yields and improved reaction rates have been attained by utilizing this solvent less condition and the use of microwave radiation. The method thus describes a facile and benign methodology of synthesis thereby providing it a green chemistry approach. The present study thus reveals exceptional anti-inflammatory, analgesic and anti-bacterial potential of the synthesized compounds and thus it opens new doors in the field of Medicinal Drug Chemistry.