Current Alzheimer Research - Volume 11, Issue 1, 2014

Accumulation, aggregation and deposition of the amyloid-β (Aβ) peptides in the brain are widely accepted as the central events in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Any factor that is capable of causing these events is potentially a risk factor for AD. In the last decade, evidence has accumulated to support the association between cerebral vascular diseases (CVD) and AD. CVD is known to induce amyloid deposition a Read More

Background Understanding the relationship between vascular disease and Alzheimer’s disease (AD) will enhance our insight into this disease and pave the way for novel therapeutic research. Cerebrovascular dysfunction, expressed as impaired cerebral autoregulation and cerebral vasomotor reactivity, has been observed in transgenic mouse models for AD. Translation to human AD is limited and conflicting however. Objective Read More

Objective: Preclinical and post-mortem studies suggest that Alzheimer disease (AD) causes cerebrovascular dysfunction, and therefore may enhance susceptibility to cerebrovascular disease (CVD). The objective of this study was to investigate this association in a memory clinic population. Methods: The AD biomarkers CSF amyloid β42, amyloid β40 and APOE-ε4 status have all been linked to increased CVD risk in Read More

Protein folding, protein degradation, and protein stability are regulated by the molecular chaperones. Under pathogenic conditions, aberrant proteins can be dysfunctional, unregulated, or pathogenically mutated. These aberrant proteins are triaged by the chaperone network for the maintenance of cellular homeostasis. These species, called chaperone client proteins, include the pathogenic factors of numerous neur Read More

In Alzheimer’s disease (AD), synaptic alterations play a major role and are often correlated with cognitive changes. In order to better understand synaptic modifications, we compared alterations in NMDA receptors and postsynaptic protein PSD-95 expression in the entorhinal cortex (EC) and frontal cortex (FC; area 9) of AD and control brains. We combined immunohistochemical and image analysis methods to quantify on con Read More

Background:This study measured serum concentrations of vascular risk factors, asymmetric dimethylarginine (ADMA) and symmetric dimethylarginine (SDMA) in a representative sample of older community-dwelling adults and determined their associations with objective and subjective memory impairment. Methods: Data on clinical, lifestyle, and demographic characteristics, serum ADMA, SDMA, and L-arginin Read More