Impact of Microfluidic Chip Electrophoresis in Modern Analysis: An Update on Recent Trends

The recent development of microfluidics and lab-on-a-chip technology has substantially raised interest in analytical chemistry. Since, they have demonstrated to be extraordinarily adept at precise fluid control, cell manipulation, and signal output, microfluidic chips are a useful tool for quick and in-depth single-cell investigation. This technique is cost-effective, less time-consuming, automatic, high mobility, and fast separation technique. Due to the internal chip sizes, which range from micrometers to millimeters, consumption of the samples and reagents occurs at the nanoliter and picoliter levels. The microfluidic device can fit a variety of functions onto a few centimeter-long chips. In this article, we discussed numerous preparations of microfluidic chip electrophoresis and its recent advancements. This method is useful for the detection of various small amounts of content with less time and greater efficacy. It is also useful in cancer studies, 3D inkjet printing, immunoassay investigation in cell-cell interactions, analysis of nanoparticles, dielectrophoretic particle separation, plant alkaloids, and forensic science applications. This review, therefore, examines the use of various microfluidic chips in electrophoretic separation during 2017–2022. There are various papers found by search, indicating continuous activity in the research area along with studies to explain its material, method, and its efficacy.