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Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) is a retrovirus that is well known to be the causative agent for acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. In this review, we discussed the HIV virus, its transmission, events that lead to AIDS, the historical aspect of its emergence, current prospects in antiretroviral drugs, and its evolution up until current treatment strategies. We have also discussed the recent research related to new molecules, which showed potent anti-HIV activity and have the potential to become a key targetfor drugdevelopment. New studies have explored novel drug target sites and the benefits of using artificial intelligence and machine learning in drug discovery and design, leading to better results and advancements in treatment.
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