Anti-Cancer Agents in Medicinal Chemistry (Formerly Current Medicinal Chemistry - Anti-Cancer Agents) - Volume 18, Issue 7, 2018

Objective: Multiparametric Magnetic Resonance Imaging (mpMRI) has become a very useful tool in the management of PCa. Particularly, there is a great interest in using mpMRI for men on Active Surveillance (AS) for low risk PCa. The aim of this systematic review was to critically review the latest literature concerning the role of mpMRI in this clinical setting, underlying current strengths and weakness. Evidence Acquisition: A Read More

The incidentally discovered, clinically-localized, small renal mass (clinical stage T1aN0M0, ≤4cm) is the most commonly diagnosed entity in Renal Cell Carcinoma (RCC) – now accounting for at least 40% of newly diagnosed renal tumors. Given the above argument, Active Surveillance (AS) has emerged as a viable management strategy for SRM. This review will examine and discuss the existing literature regarding selection crite Read More

Despite the rise of small renal tumour (SRMs) diagnosis and related surgeries, death rate of kidney cancer is increasing, suggesting a non-optimal management of SRMs. Active Surveillance (AS) for kidney cancer was introduced to deal with this paradox. However, incertitude remains on whether and when AS can replace surgery in selected patients. We performed a literature search, reviewed and discussed the evidence Read More

Background: A recent surge in biomarkers to aid management of men with prostate cancer has occurred. Their applications are varied and not all tests are applicable to the active surveillance setting. Objective: To review primary evidence on genetic and immunohistochemical biomarkers, and their role on patient selection and risk stratification for men on active surveillance for prostate cancer. Evidence Acquisition: A PubMed e Read More

Background: Active Surveillance (AS) is a therapeutic strategy for early-stage Prostate Cancer (PCa) conceived to balance early detection of aggressive disease and overtreatment of indolent tumor. Several active surveillance protocols have been published over the years, however the risk of misclassification still exist. In this review, we revised the current criteria of AS and evaluated the characteristics of potential risk f Read More

Background: The prevalence of lung cancer is 14% among the newly diagnosed cancer cases worldwide. Currently, the number of drugs that are in clinical practice is having a high prevalence of side effect and multidrug resistance. Researchers have made an attempt to expand a suitable anticancer drug that has no MDR and side effect. Objective: Extensive exploration of Coumarin derivatives as a potent inhibitor of variet Read More

This systematic review aims to elucidate the role of melatonin (N-acetyl-5-metoxy-tryptamine) (MLT) in the prevention and treatment of cancer. MLT is a pineal gland secretory product, an evolutionarily highly conserved molecule; it is also an antioxidant and an impressive protector of mitochondrial bioenergetic activity. MLT is characterized by an ample range of activities, modulating the physiology and molecular biolog Read More

Methods: The synthesis of conjugates of flutamide with resorcinarene-PAMAM-dendrimers as well as alkyl and ethyl phenyl chains in the lower part of the macrocycle as a nucleus and diethylenetriamines in the dendritic branches gives the opportunity to obtain conjugates in one step of synthesis with 16 and 64 flutamide moieties in the structure. Results: The in vitro anticancer studies showed that the conjugates of fluta Read More

Background: Actinic Keratosis (AK), is the most common precancerous skin lesion induced by the excessive Ultraviolet B (UVB) and is a significant threat to the public health. UVB exposure causes oxidative DNA damage and is considered to be a significant contributor to AK and subsequent development of skin cancer. Besides, activation of p38 MAPK also plays a significant role in the development of AK. Objective: This study Read More

Methods: A novel series of isoxazole (S21-S30) derivatives were designed, synthesized and screened for their anticancer activity against estrogen receptor-positive MCF-7 and negative MDA-MB-435 breast cancer cell lines. The synthesized derivative has the ability to inhibit the growth of the human breast cancer cell line at low concentrations. In vivo anticancer activity was performed on virgin female sprague dawley rats. Re Read More

Purpose: Some aromatase inhibitors are FDA-approved agents as first-line therapy in the treatment of endocrine-responsive breast cancer. In this study, we aimed to develop new azole derivatives with higher specificity and potency. Methods: New aromatase inhibitors were designed by Molecular Operating Environment (MOE) software and synthesized in a one-step SN2 reaction. These compounds were characterized by Read More

Abstract: Background: Different saponins from herbs have been used as tonic or functional foods, and for treatment of various diseases including cancers. Although clinical data has supported the function of these saponins, their underlying molecular mechanisms have not been well defined. Methods: With the simulated hypoxia created by 8 hours of Cu++ exposure and following 24 hour incubation with different concentratio Read More

Background: Estrogens, as the main female steroid hormones have multiple proven effects on reproductive and non- reproductive systems. Expression of ERα and ERβ, two dominant estrogen receptors, in peripheral blood mononuclear cells in certain B-cell malignancies and the existence of estrogens receptors on mitochondria is open to question that estrogen likely has an impact on the cancerous lymphocytes li Read More

Background: The lack of selectivity and development of drug-resistance encourage researchers to search for novel, more efficient and multi-targeted agents with less toxicity. Objective: In this paper, a series of novel chalcone derivatives bearing diverse heterocycles have been synthesized and evaluated for their antiproliferative activity against A549 (Human Lung Adenocarcinoma) and C6 (Rat Brain Glioma) cell Read More

Background: Endometrial cancer is a common cause of death in gynecological malignancies. Cisplatin is a clinically chemotherapeutic agent. However, drug-resistance is the primary cause of treatment failure. Objective: Emodin is commonly used clinically to increase the sensitivity of chemotherapeutic agents, yet whether Emodin promotes the role of Cisplatin in the treatment of endometrial cancer has not been studi Read More

Background: Crocus sativus (Iridaceae) has been traditionally used in the Iranian folk medicine and as a culinary additive. Major components of the plant that are responsible for biological properties are saffranal, crocin, picrocrocin and crocetin. Although the level of crocetin is not high, some of the important activities of saffron such as antioxidant activity have been attributed to crocetin. Objective: In the present study, we invest Read More