Skip to content
2000
Volume 25, Issue 9
  • ISSN: 1871-5206
  • E-ISSN: 1875-5992

Abstract

Background

The biological name of garlic is L., a familiar spice with various health benefits. These benefits are mainly attributable to the compound diversity of garlic, which includes saponins, polysaccharides, organic sulfides, and phenolic compounds. Allicin exhibits therapeutic activity such as antibacterial, anticancer, anti-inflammatory, immunomodulatory, anti-diabetic, and cardiovascular protection. This present study explores the anticancer potential of allicin, including cell line studies that examine its effects on various cancer types by analyzing the growth inhibition of cancer cells at different allicin concentrations.

Aim

This study aims to present a concise overview of allicin, update patent statistics, and provide detailed insights into its wide range of therapeutic benefits, with a particular emphasis on its anticancer properties.

Methods

A literature review has been conducted using reliable sources, including ClinicalTrials.gov, ScienceDirect, PubMed, Scopus, and other reputable foundations, to assess the true potential of allicin in cancer therapeutics.

Results

Allicin, a naturally occurring compound in garlic, represents a promising treatment approach for cancer due to its potent anticancer properties. Cell line studies have shown that various concentrations of allicin significantly inhibit cancer cell growth, underscoring its effectiveness against cancer types such as breast, pancreatic, liver, renal, osteosarcoma, gastric, colorectal, and stomach cancers. By effectively targeting cancer cells, allicin stands out as a potential therapeutic agent.

Conclusion

The primary goal of the review is to highlight the anticancer potential of allicin, along with an overview of clinical and patent studies.

Loading

Article metrics loading...

/content/journals/acamc/10.2174/0118715206343978241223080625
2025-01-23
2025-07-15
Loading full text...

Full text loading...

References

  1. SaharanR. PalP. SachdevaS. KumarS. SinghR. Garlic the wonder adjuvant in medicinal field.Serb. J. Exp. Clin. Res.202324159168
    [Google Scholar]
  2. SanthoshaS.G. JamunaP. PrabhavathiS.N. Bioactive components of garlic and their physiological role in health maintenance: A review.Food Biosci.20133597410.1016/j.fbio.2013.07.001
    [Google Scholar]
  3. ReyesB.A.S. DufourtE.C. RossJ. WarnerM.J. TanquilutN.C. LeungA.B. Selected phyto and marine bioactive compounds: Alternatives for the treatment of type 2 diabetes.Stud. Nat. Prod. Chem.20185511114310.1016/B978‑0‑444‑64068‑0.00004‑8
    [Google Scholar]
  4. SalehiB. ZuccaP. OrhanI.E. AzziniE. AdetunjiC.O. MohammedS.A. BanerjeeS.K. SharopovF. RiganoD. Sharifi-RadJ. ArmstrongL. MartorellM. SuredaA. MartinsN. SelamoğluZ. AhmadZ. Allicin and health: A comprehensive review.Trends Food Sci. Technol.20198650251610.1016/j.tifs.2019.03.003
    [Google Scholar]
  5. QiuZ.E. XuJ.B. ChenL. HuangZ.X. LeiT.L. HuangZ.Y. HouX.C. YangH.L. LinQ.H. ZhuY.X. ZhaoL. ZhouW.L. ZhangY.L. Allicin facilitates airway surface liquid hydration by activation of CFTR.Front. Pharmacol.20221389028410.3389/fphar.2022.890284 35784719
    [Google Scholar]
  6. DingL. WuJ. TangN. TaoL. XuW. LuZ. ZhangY. Antifungal activity of an Allicin derivative against penicillium expansum via induction of oxidative stress.J. Basic Microbiol.20206011-1296297010.1002/jobm.202000267 33022788
    [Google Scholar]
  7. BoseS. LahaB. BanerjeeS. Quantification of allicin by high performance liquid chromatography-ultraviolet analysis with effect of post-ultrasonic sound and microwave radiation on fresh garlic cloves.Pharmacogn. Mag.20141038Suppl. 228810.4103/0973‑1296.133279 24991105
    [Google Scholar]
  8. DirettoG. Rubio-MoragaA. ArgandoñaJ. CastilloP. Gómez-GómezL. AhrazemO. Tissue-specific accumulation of sulfur compounds and saponins in different parts of garlic cloves from purple and white ecotypes.Molecules2017228135910.3390/molecules22081359 28825644
    [Google Scholar]
  9. SzychowskiK. Rybczyńska-TkaczykK. Gaweł-BębenK. ŚwiecaM. KaraśM. JakubczykA. MatysiakM. BindugaU. GmińskiJ. Characterization of active compounds of different garlic (Allium sativum l.) cultivars.Pol. J. Food Nutr. Sci.2018681738110.1515/pjfns‑2017‑0005
    [Google Scholar]
  10. BinduJ. NarendhirakannanR.T. Role of medicinal plants in the management of diabetes mellitus: A review.3 Biotech.201991410.1007/s13205‑018‑1528‑0
    [Google Scholar]
  11. BorlinghausJ. AlbrechtF. GruhlkeM. NwachukwuI. SlusarenkoA. Allicin: Chemistry and biological properties.Molecules2014198125911261810.3390/molecules190812591 25153873
    [Google Scholar]
  12. HuangH. ZhengF. DongX. WuF. WuT. LiH. Allicin inhibits tubular epithelial-myofibroblast transdifferentiation under high glucose conditions in vitro.Exp. Ther. Med.201713125426210.3892/etm.2016.3913 28123498
    [Google Scholar]
  13. GruhlkeM. NiccoC. BatteuxF. SlusarenkoA. The effects of allicin, a reactive sulfur species from garlic, on a selection of mammalian cell lines.Antioxidants201661110.3390/antiox6010001 28035949
    [Google Scholar]
  14. BhaumikI. PalK. DebnathU. KarmakarP. JanaK. MisraA.K. Natural product inspired allicin analogs as novel anti-cancer agents.Bioorg. Chem.20198625927210.1016/j.bioorg.2019.01.057 30731359
    [Google Scholar]
  15. BatihaG.E.S. BeshbishyA.A. TayebwaD.S. ShaheenM.H. YokoyamaN. IgarashiI. Inhibitory effects of Uncaria tomentosa bark, Myrtus communis roots, Origanum vulgare leaves and Cuminum cyminum seeds extracts against the growth of babesia and theileria in vitro.Jpn. J. Vet. Parasitol.201817113
    [Google Scholar]
  16. SobolewskaD. PodolakI. Makowska-WąsJ. Allium ursinum: Botanical, phytochemical and pharmacological overview.Phytochem. Rev.2015141819710.1007/s11101‑013‑9334‑0 25774103
    [Google Scholar]
  17. LiL. SongQ. ZhangX. YanY. WangX. Allicin alleviates diabetes mellitus by inhibiting the formation of advanced glycation end products.Molecules20222724879310.3390/molecules27248793 36557926
    [Google Scholar]
  18. Arellano-BuendíaA.S. Castañeda-LaraL.G. Loredo-MendozaM.L. García-ArroyoF.E. Rojas-MoralesP. Argüello-GarcíaR. Juárez-RojasJ.G. TapiaE. Pedraza-ChaverriJ. Sánchez-LozadaL.G. Osorio-AlonsoH. Effects of Allicin on pathophysiological mechanisms during the progression of nephropathy associated to diabetes.Antioxidants2020911113410.3390/antiox9111134 33203103
    [Google Scholar]
  19. BoonpengS. SiripongvutikornS. Sae-WongC. SutthirakP. The antioxidant and anti- cadmium toxicity properties of garlic extracts.Food Sci. Nutri.20142679280110.1002/fsn3.164 25493198
    [Google Scholar]
  20. HayatS. ChengZ. AhmadH. AliM. ChenX. WangM. Garlic, from remedy to stimulant: Evaluation of antifungal potential reveals diversity in phytoalexin allicin content among garlic cultivars; allicin containing aqueous garlic extracts trigger antioxidants in cucumber.Front. Plant Sci.20167123510.3389/fpls.2016.01235 27610111
    [Google Scholar]
  21. PercivalS.S. Aged garlic extract modifies human immunity.J. Nutr.20161462433S436S10.3945/jn.115.210427 26764332
    [Google Scholar]
  22. LeeH.S. LimW.C. LeeS.J. LeeS.H. LeeJ.H. ChoH.Y. Antiobesity effect of garlic extract fermented by Lactobacillus plantarum bl2 in diet-induced obese mice.J. Med. Food201619982382910.1089/jmf.2016.3674 27627701
    [Google Scholar]
  23. SeckinerI. BayrakO. CanM. MunganA.G. MunganN.A. Garlic supplemented diet attenuates gentamicin nephrotoxicity ın rats.Int. Braz. J. Urol.201440456256710.1590/S1677‑5538.IBJU.2014.04.17 25251961
    [Google Scholar]
  24. YunH.M. BanJ.O. ParkK.R. LeeC.K. JeongH.S. HanS.B. HongJ.T. Potential therapeutic effects of functionally active compounds isolated from garlic.Pharmacol. Ther.2014142218319510.1016/j.pharmthera.2013.12.005 24333688
    [Google Scholar]
  25. ShangA. CaoS.Y. XuX.Y. GanR.Y. TangG.Y. CorkeH. MavumengwanaV. LiH.B. Bioactive compounds and biological functions of garlic (Allium sativum l.).Foods20198724610.3390/foods8070246 31284512
    [Google Scholar]
  26. ReynaldiR.A. RizaH. LulianaS. Docking study of allicin with sulfonylurea receptor 1, complex 1 and pparγ receptor on insulin resistance.Interaction2018714
    [Google Scholar]
  27. PooleL.B. The basics of thiols and cysteines in redox biology and chemistry.Free Radic. Biol. Med.20158014815710.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2014.11.013
    [Google Scholar]
  28. BaL. GaoJ. ChenY. QiH. DongC. PanH. ZhangQ. ShiP. SongC. GuanX. CaoY. SunH. Allicin attenuates pathological cardiac hypertrophy by inhibiting autophagy via activation of PI3K/AKT/mTOR and Mapk/Erk/mTOR signaling pathways.Phytomedicine20195815276510.1016/j.phymed.2018.11.025 31005720
    [Google Scholar]
  29. ZhouY. LiX. LuoW. ZhuJ. ZhaoJ. WangM. SangL. ChangB. WangB. Allicin in digestive system cancer: From biological effects to clinical treatment.Front. Pharmacol.20221390325910.3389/fphar.2022.903259 35770084
    [Google Scholar]
  30. YangD. LvZ. ZhangH. LiuB. JiangH. TanX. LuJ. BaiyunR. ZhangZ. Activation of the NRF2 signaling pathway involving KLF9 plays a critical role in Allicin resisting against arsenic trioxide-induced hepatotoxicity in rats.Biol. Trace Elem. Res.2017176119220010.1007/s12011‑016‑0821‑1 27561292
    [Google Scholar]
  31. SarvizadehM. HasanpourO. Naderi Ghale-NoieZ. MollazadehS. RezaeiM. PourghadamyariH. Masoud KhooyM. AschnerM. KhanH. RezaeiN. ShojaieL. MirzaeiH. Allicin and digestive system cancers: From chemical structure to its therapeutic opportunities.Front. Oncol.20211165025610.3389/fonc.2021.650256 33987085
    [Google Scholar]
  32. LawsonL.D. HunsakerS.M. Allicin bioavailability and bioequivalence from garlic supplements and garlic foods.Nutrients201810781210.3390/nu10070812 29937536
    [Google Scholar]
  33. StrehlowB. BakowskyU. PinnapireddyS. KustererJ. MielkeG. KeusgenM. A novel microparticulate formulation with Allicin in situ synthesis.J. Pharm. Drug Deliv. Res.201651110.4172/2325‑9604.1000143
    [Google Scholar]
  34. ChhabriaS.V. AkbarshaM.A. LiA.P. KharkarP.S. DesaiK.B. In situ allicin generation using targeted alliinase delivery for inhibition of MIA PACA-2 cells via epigenetic changes, oxidative stress and cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor (CDKI) expression.Apoptosis201520101388140910.1007/s10495‑015‑1159‑4 26286853
    [Google Scholar]
  35. SoumyaR.S. SherinS. RaghuK.G. AbrahamA. Allicin functionalized locust bean gum nanoparticles for improved therapeutic efficacy: An in silico, in vitro and in vivo approach.Int. J. Biol. Macromol.201810974074710.1016/j.ijbiomac.2017.11.065 29155156
    [Google Scholar]
  36. YoshimotoN. SaitoK. S-alk(en)ylcysteine sulfoxides in the genus allium: Proposed biosynthesis, chemical conversion, and bioactivities.J. Exp. Bot.201970164123413710.1093/jxb/erz243 31106832
    [Google Scholar]
  37. ThayumanavanP. LoganathanC. IruthayarajA. PoomaniK. NallaiyanS. S-allyl-glutathione, a synthetic analogue of glutathione protected liver against carbon tetrachloride toxicity: Focus towards anti-oxidative efficiency.Environ. Toxicol. Pharmacol.201858212810.1016/j.etap.2017.12.006 29278860
    [Google Scholar]
  38. NadeemM.S. KazmiI. UllahI. MuhammadK. AnwarF. Allicin, an antioxidant and neuroprotective agent, ameliorates cognitive impairment.Antioxidants20211118710.3390/antiox11010087 35052591
    [Google Scholar]
  39. ZainiA.S. PutraN.R. IdhamZ. Md NorodinN.S. Mohd RasidekN.A. Che YM.A. Mini review: Extraction of allicin from Allium sativum using subcritical water extraction.IOP Conf. Series Mater. Sci. Eng.2020932101202310.1088/1757‑899X/932/1/012023
    [Google Scholar]
  40. MathialaganR. MansorN. ShamsuddinM.R. UemuraY. MajeedZ. Optimisation of ultrasonic-assisted extraction (UAE) of allicin from garlic (Allium sativum l.).Chem. Eng. Trans.20175617471752
    [Google Scholar]
  41. DhwaniS. PushparajP. GurumoorthiP. A review on different extraction and quantification methods of Allicin from garlic.J. Xidian Univ202115183196
    [Google Scholar]
  42. LiF. LiQ. WuS. TanZ. Salting-out extraction of allicin from garlic (Allium sativum l.) based on ethanol/ammonium sulfate in laboratory and pilot scale.Food Chem.2017217919710.1016/j.foodchem.2016.08.092 27664612
    [Google Scholar]
  43. WilliamsD.M. PantC.M. Process for the production of Allicin.US7179632B22007
  44. BiaoJ. ChenZ. JinhuaL. SiyuanC. Synthesis method for Allicin derivative.CN103058903A2014
  45. QingzhangW. JieL. LeiY.S. Preparation method for efficiently extracting Allicin.CN103571627A2014
  46. HengM.C.Y. Method for enhancing penetration of lipid insoluble medicaments through cell membranes using small S-Allylcontaining molecules with phospholipid permeability as carrier molecules.US, Patent 20110301099A12011
  47. YuL. Method for producing high quality garlic powder.CN, Patent 101194703B2011
  48. JianC. XinxiaL. JunminC. XiaomingW. Process for extracting alliin from fresh garlic.CN, Patent 1203057C2005
  49. MirelmanD. WilchekM. MironT. RabinkovA. SivaramanH. Garlic alliinase covalently bound to carrier for continuous production of allician.US, Patent 6689588B12004
  50. AyeR.D.D. MuellerB. ThienelC. Garlic extracts contg. alliinase - have improved therapeutic activity for treating hypertension, arteriosclerosis, diarrhoea, intestinal worms etc.DE, Patent 4012884A11991
  51. BennettN. RamseyE.D. Improvements in or relating to allium extracts.WO, Patent 2014009759A22014
  52. ArandA. ArandJ.K. Garlic composition for foliar applications.US, Patent 6511674B12003
  53. RuitianX. Method for processing, storing and transporting garlic.CN, Patent 1720825A2007
  54. MansorN. HerngH.J. SamsudinS.J. SufianS. UemuraY. Quantification and characterization of Allicin in garlic extract.J. Med. Bioeng.201651242710.12720/jomb.5.1.24‑27
    [Google Scholar]
  55. SungH. FerlayJ. SiegelR.L. LaversanneM. SoerjomataramI. JemalA. BrayF. Global cancer statistics 2020: Globocan estimates of incidence and mortality worldwide for 36 cancers in 185 countries.CA Cancer J. Clin.202171320924910.3322/caac.21660 33538338
    [Google Scholar]
  56. BrayF. FerlayJ. SoerjomataramI. SiegelR.L. TorreL.A. JemalA. Global cancer statistics 2018: Globocan estimates of incidence and mortality worldwide for 36 cancers in 185 countries.CA Cancer J. Clin.201868639442410.3322/caac.21492 30207593
    [Google Scholar]
  57. SmythE.C. LagergrenJ. FitzgeraldR.C. LordickF. ShahM.A. LagergrenP. CunninghamD. Oesophageal cancer.Nat. Rev. Dis. Primers2017311704810.1038/nrdp.2017.48 28748917
    [Google Scholar]
  58. VillanuevaA. Hepatocellular carcinoma.N. Engl. J. Med.2019380151450146210.1056/NEJMra1713263 30970190
    [Google Scholar]
  59. AvgerinosK.I. SpyrouN. MantzorosC.S. DalamagaM. Obesity and cancer risk: Emerging biological mechanisms and perspectives.Metabolism20199212113510.1016/j.metabol.2018.11.001 30445141
    [Google Scholar]
  60. ParedesF. WilliamsH.C. San MartinA. Metabolic adaptation in hypoxia and cancer.Cancer Lett.202150213314210.1016/j.canlet.2020.12.020 33444690
    [Google Scholar]
  61. KimH. KeumN. GiovannucciE.L. FuchsC.S. BaoY. Garlic intake and gastric cancer risk: Results from two large prospective us cohort studies.Int. J. Cancer201814351047105310.1002/ijc.31396 29569711
    [Google Scholar]
  62. ZhouX. QianH. ZhangD. ZengL. Garlic intake and the risk of colorectal cancer.Medicine2020991e1857510.1097/MD.0000000000018575 31895803
    [Google Scholar]
  63. ZhangQ. YangD. Allicin suppresses the migration and invasion in cervical cancer cells mainly by inhibiting NRF2.Exp. Ther. Med.201917315231528 30783417
    [Google Scholar]
  64. MüllerA. EllerJ. AlbrechtF. ProchnowP. KuhlmannK. BandowJ.E. SlusarenkoA.J. LeichertL.I.O. Allicin induces thiol stress in bacteria through s-allylmercapto modification of protein cysteines.J. Biol. Chem.201629122114771149010.1074/jbc.M115.702308 27008862
    [Google Scholar]
  65. TuG. ZhangY.F. WeiW. LiL. ZhangY. YangJ. XingY. Allicin attenuates H2O2-induced cytotoxicity in retinal pigmented epithelial cells by regulating the levels of reactive oxygen species.Mol. Med. Rep.20161332320232610.3892/mmr.2016.4797 26781848
    [Google Scholar]
  66. CatanzaroE. CanistroD. PellicioniV. VivarelliF. FimognariC. Anticancer potential of Allicin: A review.Pharmacol. Res.202217710611810.1016/j.phrs.2022.106118 35134476
    [Google Scholar]
  67. SeeneevassenL. BessèdeE. MégraudF. LehoursP. DubusP. VaronC. Gastric cancer: Advances in carcinogenesis research and new therapeutic strategies.Int. J. Mol. Sci.2021227341810.3390/ijms22073418 33810350
    [Google Scholar]
  68. LuoR. FangD. HangH. TangZ. The mechanism in gastric cancer chemoprevention by Allicin.Anticancer. Agents Med. Chem.201616780280910.2174/1871520616666151111115443 26555611
    [Google Scholar]
  69. PennathurA. GibsonM.K. JobeB.A. LuketichJ.D. Oesophageal carcinoma.Lancet2013381986440041210.1016/S0140‑6736(12)60643‑6 23374478
    [Google Scholar]
  70. GravitzL. Liver cancer.Nature20145167529S110.1038/516S1a 25470192
    [Google Scholar]
  71. RazumilavaN. GoresG.J. Cholangiocarcinoma.Lancet201438399352168217910.1016/S0140‑6736(13)61903‑0 24581682
    [Google Scholar]
  72. DekkerE. TanisP.J. VleugelsJ.L.A. KasiP.M. WallaceM.B. Colorectal cancer.Lancet2019394102071467148010.1016/S0140‑6736(19)32319‑0 31631858
    [Google Scholar]
  73. MizrahiJ.D. SuranaR. ValleJ.W. ShroffR.T. Pancreatic cancer.Lancet2020395102422008202010.1016/S0140‑6736(20)30974‑0 32593337
    [Google Scholar]
  74. SmythE.C. NilssonM. GrabschH.I. van GriekenN.C.T. LordickF. Gastric cancer.Lancet20203961025163564810.1016/S0140‑6736(20)31288‑5 32861308
    [Google Scholar]
  75. RachelV.A.H. MansinghD. DalpatiN. SaliV. Alliin the precursor of Allicin in garlic extract mitigates proliferation of gastric adenocarcinoma cells by modulating apoptosis.Pharmacogn. Mag.20181455849110.4103/pm.pm_342_17
    [Google Scholar]
  76. ZhangX. ZhuY. DuanW. FengC. HeX. Allicin induces apoptosis of the mgc-803 human gastric carcinoma cell line through the p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase/caspase-3 signaling pathway.Mol. Med. Rep.20151142755276010.3892/mmr.2014.3109 25523417
    [Google Scholar]
  77. LiC. JingH. MaG. LiangP. Allicin induces apoptosis through activation of both intrinsic and extrinsic pathways in glioma cells.Mol. Med. Rep.20181745976598110.3892/mmr.2018.8552 29436625
    [Google Scholar]
  78. PeairsK.S. ChoiY. StewartR.W. SateiaH.F. Screening for breast cancer.Semin. Oncol.2017441607210.1053/j.seminoncol.2017.02.004 28395765
    [Google Scholar]
  79. KimK.H. ChoS.J. KimB.O. PyoS. Differential pro-apoptotic effect of allicin in oestrogen receptor-positive or -negative human breast cancer cells.J. Funct. Foods20162534135310.1016/j.jff.2016.06.019
    [Google Scholar]
  80. MondalA. BanerjeeS. BoseS. MazumderS. HaberR.A. FarzaeiM.H. BishayeeA. Garlic constituents for cancer prevention and therapy: From phytochemistry to novel formulations.Pharmacol. Res.202217510583710.1016/j.phrs.2021.105837 34450316
    [Google Scholar]
  81. Rosas-GonzálezV.C. Téllez-BañuelosM.C. Hernández-FloresG. Bravo-CuellarA. Aguilar-LemarroyA. Jave-SuárezL.F. HaramatiJ. Solorzano-IbarraF. Ortiz-LazarenoP.C. Differential effects of alliin and allicin on apoptosis and senescence in luminal A and triple- negative breast cancer: Caspase, ΔΨm, and pro-apoptotic gene involvement.Fundam. Clini. Pharmacol.2020342020671686
    [Google Scholar]
  82. RosebladeA. UngA. BebawyM. Synthesis and in vitro biological evaluation of thiosulfinate derivatives for the treatment of human multidrug-resistant breast cancer.Acta Pharmacol. Sin.201738101353136810.1038/aps.2016.170 28858299
    [Google Scholar]
  83. AnwanwanD. SinghS.K. SinghS. SaikamV. SinghR. Challenges in liver cancer and possible treatment approaches.Biochim. Biophys. Acta Rev. Cancer20201873118831410.1016/j.bbcan.2019.188314 31682895
    [Google Scholar]
  84. LiX. RamadoriP. PfisterD. SeehawerM. ZenderL. HeikenwalderM. The immunological and metabolic landscape in primary and metastatic liver cancer.Nat. Rev. Cancer202121954155710.1038/s41568‑021‑00383‑9 34326518
    [Google Scholar]
  85. ChuY.L. HoC.T. ChungJ.G. RajasekaranR. SheenL.Y. Allicin induces p53-mediated autophagy in hep g2 human liver cancer cells.J. Agric. Food Chem.201260348363837110.1021/jf301298y 22860996
    [Google Scholar]
  86. ZouX. LiangJ. SunJ. HuX. LeiL. WuD. LiuL. Allicin sensitizes hepatocellular cancer cells to anti-tumor activity of 5-fluorouracil through ros-mediated mitochondrial pathway.J. Pharmacol. Sci.2016131423324010.1016/j.jphs.2016.04.017 27177453
    [Google Scholar]
  87. LiJ. MaX. ChakravartiD. ShalapourS. DePinhoR.A. Genetic and biological hallmarks of colorectal cancer.Genes Dev.20213511-1278782010.1101/gad.348226.120 34074695
    [Google Scholar]
  88. BaidounF. ElshiwyK. ElkeraieY. MerjanehZ. KhoudariG. SarminiM.T. GadM. Al-HusseiniM. SaadA. Colorectal cancer epidemiology: Recent trends and impact on outcomes.Curr. Drug Targets2021229998100910.2174/18735592MTEx9NTk2y 33208072
    [Google Scholar]
  89. SchäferG. KaschulaC. The immunomodulation and anti-inflammatory effects of garlic organosulfur compounds in cancer chemoprevention.Anticancer. Agents Med. Chem.201414223324010.2174/18715206113136660370 24237225
    [Google Scholar]
  90. HuangW. WuS. XuS. MaY. WangR. JinS. ZhouS. Allicin enhances the radiosensitivity of colorectal cancer cells via inhibition of NF‐κB signaling pathway.J. Food Sci.20208561924193110.1111/1750‑3841.15156 32418198
    [Google Scholar]
  91. TaoM. GaoL. PanJ. WangX. Study on the inhibitory effect of allicin on human gastric cancer cell line sgc-7901 and its mechanism.Afr. J. Tradit. Complement. Altern. Med.201311117617910.4314/ajtcam.v11i1.28 24653574
    [Google Scholar]
  92. ChakrabortyS. BalanM. SabarwalA. ChoueiriT.K. PalS. Metabolic reprogramming in renal cancer: Events of a metabolic disease.Biochim. Biophys. Acta Rev. Cancer20211876118855910.1016/j.bbcan.2021.188559 33965513
    [Google Scholar]
  93. MorrisM.R. LatifF. The epigenetic landscape of renal cancer.Nat. Rev. Nephrol.2017131476010.1038/nrneph.2016.168 27890923
    [Google Scholar]
  94. KarumanchiS.A. MerchanJ. SukhatmeV.P. Renal cancer: Molecular mechanisms and newer therapeutic options.Curr. Opin. Nephrol. Hypertens.2002111374210.1097/00041552‑200201000‑00006 11753085
    [Google Scholar]
  95. SongB. ShuY. CuiT. FuP. Allicin inhibits human renal clear cell carcinoma progression via suppressing hif pathway.Int. J. Clin. Exp. Med.20158112057320580 26884975
    [Google Scholar]
  96. LiM. NingJ. HuangH. JiangS. ZhuoD. Allicin protects against renal ischemia–reperfusion injury by attenuating oxidative stress and apoptosis.Int. Urol. Nephrol.20225471761176810.1007/s11255‑021‑03014‑2 34825305
    [Google Scholar]
  97. XuN. HanW. YunG. ShiL. Allicin protects renal function, improves oxidative stress and lipid peroxidation in rats with chronic renal failure.Iran. J. Kidney Dis.2023173135140 37337797
    [Google Scholar]
  98. ChenC. XieL. RenT. HuangY. XuJ. GuoW. Immunotherapy for osteosarcoma: Fundamental mechanism, rationale, and recent breakthroughs.Cancer Lett.202150011010.1016/j.canlet.2020.12.024 33359211
    [Google Scholar]
  99. ShoaibZ. FanT.M. IrudayarajJ.M.K. Osteosarcoma mechanobiology and therapeutic targets.Br. J. Pharmacol.2022179220121710.1111/bph.15713 34679192
    [Google Scholar]
  100. JafariF. JavdansiratS. SanaieS. NaseriA. ShamekhA. RostamzadehD. DolatiS. Osteosarcoma: A comprehensive review of management and treatment strategies.Ann. Diagn. Pathol.20204915165410.1016/j.anndiagpath.2020.151654 33130384
    [Google Scholar]
  101. JiangW. HuangY. WangJ.P. YuX.Y. ZhangL.Y. The synergistic anticancer effect of artesunate combined with allicin in osteosarcoma cell line in vitro and in vivo.Asian Pac. J. Cancer Prev.20131484615461910.7314/APJCP.2013.14.8.4615 24083713
    [Google Scholar]
  102. LiX. NiJ. TangY. WangX. TangH. LiH. ZhangS. ShenX. Allicin inhibits mouse colorectal tumorigenesis through suppressing the activation of stat3 signaling pathway.Nat. Prod. Res.201933182722272510.1080/14786419.2018.1465425 29683343
    [Google Scholar]
  103. ȚiguA.B. TomaV.A. MoțA.C. JurjA. MoldovanC.S. Fischer-FodorE. Berindan-NeagoeI. PârvuM. The synergistic antitumor effect of 5-fluorouracil combined with allicin against lung and colorectal carcinoma cells.Molecules2020258194710.3390/molecules25081947 32331446
    [Google Scholar]
  104. Perez-OrtizJ.M. Galan-MoyaE.M. de la Cruz-MorcilloM.A. RodriguezJ.F. GraciaI. GarciaM.T. Redondo-CalvoF.J. Cost effective use of a thiosulfinate-enriched Allium sativum extract in combination with chemotherapy in colon cancer.Int. J. Mol. Sci.2020218276610.3390/ijms21082766 32316312
    [Google Scholar]
  105. ChuY.L. HoC.T. ChungJ.G. RaghuR. LoY.C. SheenL.Y. Allicin induces anti-human liver cancer cells through the p53 gene modulating apoptosis and autophagy.J. Agric. Food Chem.201361419839984810.1021/jf403241s 24059278
    [Google Scholar]
  106. ChenH. ZhuB. ZhaoL. LiuY. ZhaoF. FengJ. JinY. SunJ. GengR. WeiY. Allicin inhibits proliferation and invasion in vitro and in vivo via shp-1-mediated stat3 signaling in cholangiocarcinoma.Cell. Physiol. Biochem.: Int. J. Exper. Cell. Physiol. Biochem. Pharmacol.2018472018641653
    [Google Scholar]
  107. WangC.J. WangC. HanJ. WangY.K. TangL. ShenD.W. ZhaoY. XuR.H. ZhangH. Effect of combined treatment with recombinant interleukin-2 and Allicin on pancreatic cancer.Mol. Biol. Rep.201340126579658510.1007/s11033‑013‑2766‑1 24135803
    [Google Scholar]
  108. HuY. ChenL. YiC. YangF. ChenJ. Experimental study on inhibitory effects of diallyl sulfide on growth and invasion of human osteosarcoma mg-63 cells.J. Huazhong Univ. Sci. Technolog. Med. Sci.201232458158510.1007/s11596‑012‑1000‑z 22886974
    [Google Scholar]
  109. MironT. RabinkovA. WilchekM. MirelmanD. VolkT. Use of allicin as insect repellent and insecticide in agricultural crops.WO, Patent 2003090537A22003
  110. BennettN.M. JoslingP.D. Use of allicin as preservative, as disinfectant, as antimicrobial or as biocidal agent.US, Patent 20090275667A12009
  111. JingW. ChengtaoW. YanpingC. BaoguoS. Chitosanimmobilized allinase and method for preparing allantolin allicin.CN, Patent 101696407B2011
  112. YaoY. A natural allicin tablet and preparation method thereof.CA, Patent 2729617A12018
  113. DevisettyB.N. ShammoB. LindaA. Cinnamaldehyde-allicin formulations and methods of their use.US, Patent 20130059909A12015
  114. LiandaL. JianC. YikuiL. WenjunX. JinyanZ. XinxiaL. Application of allicin injection to prepare medicines treating myocardial infarction disease.CN, Patent 104490857A2018
  115. JianguoJ. QunL. JinhuaP. Allicin nano liposome and preparation method and application thereof.CN, Patent 103263408A2013
  116. AiboTao Allicin multiple enteric piece and preparation method thereof.CN, Patent 104523637B2017
  117. HolzheyM.D.I. RothH.H.D. HoepfnerV. Use of an "Allicin- Urotropin" product for the area of internal treatment (oral, injections and continuous drip infusions) of humans and animals for fungal diseases.DE, Patent 4024155C21995
  118. Food additive comprising bio-active components of garlic.WO, Patent 2017050314A12017
  119. RabinkovA. MironT. MirelmanD. WilchekM. Site-specific in situ generation of allicin using a targeted alliinase delivery system for the treatment of cancers, tumors, infectious diseases and other allicin-sensitive diseases.US, Patent 7445802B22008
  120. YouchangM. XiaominM. Allicin cyclodextrin clathrate compound, formulation and its preparation method.CN, Patent 1565430A2005
  121. XingguoQ. ShenyuJ. YanhuiZ. RanD. Botian Method for testing content of garlic oil in composite garlic oil capsule.CN, Patent 105319314A2017
  122. JiangL. LunxiangQ. RenhaoH. HuilanM. The manufacture method of compound garlic feed additive (reinforced vitamin).CN, Patent 1031791A1989
  123. MirelmanD. RabinkovA. GaliliG. GrafiG. ZhuX.Z. WilchekM. Recombinant alliinase, its preparation and pharmaceutical compositions comprising it.WO, Patent 1994008614A11994
  124. MirelmanD. AbramskiM. ChetI. MironT. RabinkovA. WilchekM. Method for soil sterilization from pathogens.EP, Patent 1357791A22003
  125. PandalisG.D. HeymannE. Use of wild garlic for the treatment or prophylaxis of hyperkeratosis.DE, Patent 19628284C11997
  126. KimW. Poisonous insect antidote composition.WO, Patent 2018008853A12018
  127. ZhinianZ. QiyueZ. KuichangZ. Garlic juice beverage and preparation method thereof.CN, Patent 103284244A2014
  128. ShangwenL. FuhuaW. Natural food preservative using bitter gourd as material and its production method.CN, Patent 1839714A2009
  129. KannarD. Odourless garlic supplement comprising an enteric coating and a deodorizing layer.US, Patent 7425342B22008
  130. XingmingW. Method for treating phthisis by inhaling atomized purple garlic liquid.CN, Patent 103933309A2014
  131. KauschA.P. SellewP. Green garlic and methods of production.US, Patent 7937889B22011
  132. HuaC. YongjunZ. Condenser for deep processing of garlic.CN, Patent 201906481U2011
  133. Method for preparing the benzalkonium chloride and diallyl disulphide oxide complex and use thereof as a biocide.WO, Patent 2013147576A12013
  134. JianrongX. YanbinZ. Garlic oil soft capsules and preparation method thereof.CN, Patent 103404851A2015
  135. JianC. QiwuZ. A kind of alliin/alliinase binary release multilayer tablet.CN, Patent 101549151A2009
  136. PandalisG. KiesewetterH. Use of wild garlic for the therapy or prevention of blood circulation disturbances.WO, Patent 1994005306A11994
  137. ZhenghongQ. HongyiZ. Preparation method of peeled black garlic.CN, Patent 103156135A2013
  138. JiangH. XingZ. WangY. ZhangZ. KumahM.B. DabbourM. LiY. HeR. HuangL. MaH. Preparation of allicin-whey protein isolate conjugates: Allicin extraction by water, conjugates’ ultrasound-assisted binding and its stability, solubility and emulsibility analysis.Ultrason. Sonochem.20206310498110.1016/j.ultsonch.2020.104981 32000052
    [Google Scholar]
  139. IobbiV. ParisiV. LanteriA.P. MaggiN. GiacominiM. DravaG. MinutoG. MinutoA. TommasiN.D. BisioA. Nmr metabolite profiling for the characterization of vessalico garlic ecotype and bioactivity against Xanthomonas campestris pv. campestris.Plants2024139117010.3390/plants13091170 38732385
    [Google Scholar]
  140. TalibW.H. BabanM.M. AzzamA.O. IssaJ.J. AliA.Y. AlSuwaisA.K. AllalaS. AL KuryL.T. Allicin and cancer hallmarks.Molecules2024296132010.3390/molecules29061320 38542956
    [Google Scholar]
  141. LiY. MaJ. CaoY. YangD. Efficient removal of allicin from the stalk of Allium fistulosum for dietary fiber production.NPJ Sci. Food2024813210.1038/s41538‑024‑00275‑w 38877017
    [Google Scholar]
  142. TangY. HuangL. SunX. RenC. LiuT.W. WuW. ZhangZ. ZhuW. Effects of allicin on growth performance, antioxidant profile, and microbiota compared to monensin of growing goats.Anim. Sci. J.2024951e1391710.1111/asj.13917 38323750
    [Google Scholar]
  143. YifanM. RuiX. YuanL. FeiyunJ. Allicin inhibits the biological activities of cervical cancer cells by suppressing CIRCEIF4G2.Food Sci. Nutr.20241242523253610.1002/fsn3.3935 38628206
    [Google Scholar]
  144. SleimanC. DaouR.M. Al HazzouriA. HamdanZ. GhadiehH.E. HarbiehB. RomaniM. Garlic and hypertension: Efficacy, mechanism of action, and clinical implications.Nutrients20241617289510.3390/nu16172895 39275211
    [Google Scholar]
  145. LuM. PanJ. HuY. DingL. LiY. CuiX. ZhangM. ZhangZ. LiC. Advances in the study of vascular related protective effect of garlic (Allium sativum) extract and compounds.J. Nutr. Biochem.202412410953110.1016/j.jnutbio.2023.109531 37984733
    [Google Scholar]
  146. LiuX. MuT. SunH. ZhangM. ChenJ. Optimisation of aqueous two-phase extraction of anthocyanins from purple sweet potatoes by response surface methodology.Food Chem.201314133034304110.1016/j.foodchem.2013.05.119 23871056
    [Google Scholar]
  147. KrstićM. TeslićN. BoškovićP. ObradovićD. ZekovićZ. MilićA. PavlićB. Isolation of garlic bioactives by pressurized liquid and subcritical water extraction.Molecules202328136910.3390/molecules28010369 36615563
    [Google Scholar]
  148. GuoY. Experimental study on the optimization of extraction process of garlic oil and its antibacterial effects.Afr. J. Tradit. Complement. Altern. Med.201411241141410.4314/ajtcam.v11i2.27 25435627
    [Google Scholar]
  149. ShamshadS. RizviK.A. ShehnazH. JatoiS.A. ShahnazL. NaqviS.M.S. QasimM. ZainabT. HaiderA. Novel narc-g1 garlic: Comparative allicin quantification with morpho-biochemical & genetic profiling.Braz. J. Biol.202484e26269710.1590/1519‑6984.262697 35976350
    [Google Scholar]
  150. IberlB. WinklerG. MüllerB. KnoblochK. Quantitative determination of allicin and Alliin from garlic by hplc*.Planta Med.199056332032610.1055/s‑2006‑960969 17221429
    [Google Scholar]
  151. GîtinL. DinicăR. NeaguC. DumitrascuL. Sulfur compounds identification and quantification from Allium spp. fresh leaves.J. Food Drug Anal.201422442543010.1016/j.jfda.2014.04.002 28911456
    [Google Scholar]
  152. LiG.X. ChenL. HsiaoY. MannanR. ZhangY. LuoJ. PetraliaF. ChoH. HosseiniN. LeprevostF.V. CalinawanA. LiY. AnandS. DagarA. GeffenY. Kumar-SinhaC. ChughS. LeA. PonceS. GuoS. ZhangC. SchnaubeltM. Al DeenN.N. ChenF. CaravanW. HoustonA. HopkinsA. NewtonC.J. WangX. PolaskyD.A. HaynesS. YuF. JingX. ChenS. RoblesA.I. MesriM. ThiagarajanM. AnE. GetzG.A. LinehanW.M. HostetterG. JewellS.D. ChanD.W. WangP. OmennG.S. MehraR. RickettsC.J. DingL. ChinnaiyanA.M. CieslikM.P. DhanasekaranS.M. ZhangH. NesvizhskiiA.I. LazarA.J. PaulovichA.G. AntczakA. GreenA. Ma’ayanA. PruetzB. ZhangB. RevaB. DrukerB.J. GoldthwaiteC.A.Jr BirgerC. ManiD.R. CheslaD. FenyöD. SchadtE.E. WilsonG. KołodziejczakI. JohnI. HafronJ. VoJ. ZaalishviliK. KetchumK.A. RodlandK.D. NyceK. WiznerowiczM. DomagalskiM.J. AnuragM. BoruckiM. GilletteM.A. BirrerM.J. EdwardsN.J. VatanianN. VanderKolkP. McGarveyP.B. DhirR. ThanguduR.R. CrispenR. SmithR.D. PayneS.H. CottinghamS. CaiS. CarrS.A. LiuT. LeT. MaW. ZhangX. LuY. ShutackY. ZhangZ. Comprehensive proteogenomic characterization of rare kidney tumors.Cell Rep. Med.20245510154710.1016/j.xcrm.2024.101547 38703764
    [Google Scholar]
  153. BalaR. MadaanR. ChauhanS. GuptaM. DubeyA.K. ZahoorI. BrijeshH. CalinaD. Sharifi-RadJ. Revitalizing allicin for cancer therapy: Advances in formulation strategies to enhance bioavailability, stability, and clinical efficacy.Naunyn Schmiedebergs Arch. Pharmacol.2024397270372410.1007/s00210‑023‑02675‑3 37615709
    [Google Scholar]
  154. BhukerS. KaurA. RajauriaK. TuliH.S. SainiA.K. SainiR.V. GuptaM. Allicin: A promising modulator of apoptosis and survival signaling in cancer.Med. Oncol.202441921010.1007/s12032‑024‑02459‑6 39060753
    [Google Scholar]
  155. ShiG. LiX. WangW. HouL. YinL. WangL. Allicin overcomes doxorubicin resistance of breast cancer cells by targeting the NRF2 pathway.Cell Biochem. Biophys.202482265966710.1007/s12013‑024‑01215‑x 38411783
    [Google Scholar]
/content/journals/acamc/10.2174/0118715206343978241223080625
Loading
/content/journals/acamc/10.2174/0118715206343978241223080625
Loading

Data & Media loading...


  • Article Type:
    Review Article
Keyword(s): allicin; Anticancer; apoptosis; cell line; extraction; patent
This is a required field
Please enter a valid email address
Approval was a Success
Invalid data
An Error Occurred
Approval was partially successful, following selected items could not be processed due to error
Please enter a valid_number test