Valorization of Corn Steep Liquor for Improved Value-added Products: A Review

Corn steep liquor (CSL) is a by-product of wet steeping corn and is a source of vitamins, minerals, and amino acids. Depending on how food processing firms dispose of waste, CSL might have a negative impact on the environment. However, when CSL is used properly, it can promote economic growth and sustainability and prevent adverse environmental effects. However, the nutritional content of CSL and the high concentration of its organic matter suggest it is a rich source of feedstock. It can be used as a nutrient supplement or precursor to other products with even more value. CSL has been studied as a feedstock and additive for the sustainable production of chemicals and industrial products. A variety of bioproducts, including ethanol, acetoin, vanillin, and a variety of other biofuels, can be made from CSL due to its low cost and availability of components (nitrogen and carbon). The study seeks to highlight and present comprehensive novel uses of corn steep liquor in the circular economy to produce higher-valued products with reduced carbon footprints.