Transformer Fault Diagnosis Based on an Improved Sine Cosine Algorithm and BP Neural Network

Background: The operation state evaluation and fault location of the transformer is one of the technical bottlenecks restricting the safe power grid operation. Methods: A hybrid intelligent method based on the Improved Sine Cosine Algorithm and BP neural network (ISCA-BP) is developed to improve the accuracy of transformer fault diagnosis. First, the cloud model is introduced into the Sine Cosine Algorithm (SCA) to determine the conversion parameter of each individual to balance the global search and local exploitation capabilities. After that, six popular benchmark functions are used to evaluate the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm. Finally, based on the dissolved gas analysis technology, the improved SCA algorithm is employed to find the optimal weight and threshold parameters of the BP neural network, and the transformer fault classification model is established. Results: Simulation results indicate that the improved SCA algorithm exhibits strong competitiveness. Furthermore, compared with the BP neural network optimized by the Sine Cosine Algorithm (SCA-BP) and BP neural network, the ISCA-BP method can significantly improve the diagnostic accuracy of transformer faults. Conclusion: The proposed intelligent method can provide a valuable reference idea for transformer fault classification.