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- Volume 3, Issue 4, 2005
Current Vascular Pharmacology - Volume 3, Issue 4, 2005
Volume 3, Issue 4, 2005
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Endothelin-1 and Angiogenesis in Cancer
Authors: Jonathan Knowles, Marilena Loizidou and Irving TaylorTumours require oxygenation, nutrition and a route for dissemination. This necessitates the development of new vessels or angiogenesis. High levels of new vessel development are indicators of poor prognosis in cancer; they also provide new avenues of anti-tumour therapy. Angiogenesis in cancer produces structurally different vessels from angiogenesis in wound healing and inflammation. This article reviews the differences Read More
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The Pathobiology of Endothelin-1 in Vein Graft Disease: Are ETA Receptor Antagonists the Solution to Prevent Vein Graft Failure?
Authors: Jamie Y. Jeremy, Nilima Shukla, Song Wan, Gavin Murphy, Gianni D. Angelini, Anthony Yim and Michael R. DashwoodDespite the exploration of a large number of disparate drugs in animal models and clinical trials, no pharmacological intervention, with the exception of aggressive lipid lowering therapy has reduced late vein graft failure in man. The importance of devising more effective strategies is exemplified by the considerable economic consequences of vein graft failure. Worldwide, there are currently more than 1,000,000 coro Read More
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A Role for Endothelin-1 in Peripheral Vascular Disease
Authors: Janice C.S. Tsui and Michael R. DashwoodPeripheral vascular disease can compromise the blood supply to the lower limb with amputation being necessary in severe cases. Reduced blood flow may be due to arterial occlusive disease or constriction of skeletal microvessels with the resultant ischaemia causing pain, tissue damage, ulceration and gangrene. These events are associated with endothelial damage or dysfunction: endothelin-1 is implicated as a mediator Read More
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Endothelin and the Ischaemic Heart
Authors: Cherry L. Wainwright, Christopher McCabe and Kathleen A. KaneSoon after its identification as a powerful vasoconstrictor peptide, endothelin (ET-1) was implicated as a detrimental agent involved in determining the outcome of myocardial ischaemia and reperfusion. Early experimental studies demonstrated that ETA selective and mixed ETA/ETB receptor antagonists can reduce infarct size and prevent ischaemiainduced ventricular arrhythmias in models of ischaemia/reperfusion, implying Read More
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Endothelin Signalling in the Cardiac Myocyte and its Pathophysiological Relevance
Authors: Peter H. Sugden and Angela ClerkEndothelin A (ETA) transmembrane receptors predominate in rat cardiac myocytes. These are G proteincoupled receptors whose actions are mediated by the Gq heterotrimeric G proteins. Through these, ET-1 binding to ETAreceptors stimulates the hydrolysis of membrane phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate to diacylglycerol and inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate. Diacylglycerol remains in the membrane wherea Read More
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Endothelin-1 and the Aortic Valve
More LessThe aortic valve is a complex structure, the function of which is fundamental to sustain life. Previously believed to be an inert structure that merely opens in response to the forward flow of blood out of the left ventricle, it is now established that it is a sophisticated structure with specific biological properties. However, little is known about the mechanisms that regulate its function. In this respect, endothelin is of particular Read More
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Insulin Resistance, Obesity and the Metabolic Syndrome. Is there a Therapeutic Role for Endothelin-1 Antagonists?
Authors: Sidney G. Shaw and P. J. BodenThere is increasing evidence to suggest that chronic activation of the endothelin-1 system can lead to heterologous desensitization of the glucose-regulatory and mitogenic actions of insulin with subsequent development of glucose intolerance, hyperinsulinemia, impaired endothelial function and exacerbation of cardiovascular disease. Effects are mediated through a variety of mechanisms that include attenuation of key insuli Read More
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Endothelin and Oxidative Stress in the Vascular System
Authors: David M. Pollock and Jennifer S. PollockBoth endothelin(ET)-1 and oxidative stress have been the subjects of intense investigation within the cardiovascular field over the past decade and a half, yet little is known about the precise relationship between these important modulators of vascular function. There is a firm evidence that ET-1 can stimulate the production of superoxide via NADPH oxidase activation, and at the same time, reactive oxygen species appear to stim Read More
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Connective Tissue Remodeling: Cross-Talk between Endothelins and Matrix Metalloproteinases
Authors: David Abraham, Markella Ponticos and Hideaki NagaseConnective tissue remodeling is achieved by a complex process involving several cell types, a plethora of growth factors, cytokines, chemokines and turnover of extracellular matrix (ECM). The main enzymes that degrade ECM molecules are matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) and their activities are regulated by endogenous inhibitors, the tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinases (TIMPs). Recent studies have indicated that Read More
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Localisation of Endothelin-1 and its Receptors in Vascular Tissue as Seen at the Electron Microscopic Level
More LessSince the discovery of endothelin in vascular endothelial cells and its pivotal role in vascular physiology (Yanagisawa and colleagues [1]), a number of studies have focused on the localisation of this vasoconstrictor peptide in human and animal vascular tissue, largely in endothelial cells. Various vascular beds have been the subject of research in normal and pathophysiological conditions, for example in neonates, during ageing, p Read More
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Endothelin-1 and Human Platelets
Authors: I. A. Jagroop, Stella S. Daskalopoulou and Dimitri P. MikhailidisThere is conflicting evidence regarding the effect of endothelin-1 (ET-1) on platelets. Some studies show that ET-1 activates platelets, others show platelet inhibition with ET-1 and some studies did not detect an effect of ET-1. These conflicting results may be due to complex interactions between platelet ETA and ETB receptors. ET-1 antagonism may emerge as an important therapeutic strategy in the management of several vasc Read More
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Volumes & issues
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Volume 23 (2025)
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Volume 22 (2024)
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Volume 21 (2023)
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Volume 20 (2022)
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Volume 19 (2021)
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Volume 18 (2020)
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Volume 17 (2019)
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Volume 16 (2018)
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Volume 15 (2017)
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Volume 14 (2016)
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Volume 13 (2015)
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Volume 12 (2014)
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Volume 11 (2013)
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Volume 10 (2012)
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Volume 9 (2011)
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Volume 8 (2010)
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Volume 7 (2009)
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Volume 6 (2008)
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Volume 5 (2007)
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Volume 4 (2006)
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Volume 3 (2005)
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Volume 2 (2004)
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Volume 1 (2003)
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