Pleiotropic Effects of ARB in Metabolic Syndrome

Metabolic syndrome comprises of a cluster of several risk factors including abdominal obesity, dyslipidemia, elevated blood pressure, and insulin resistance. Many manifestations occur in sequence which is also referred to as the metabolic domino. Because the renin-angiotensin system (RAS) seems to be involved in this domino effect, RAS blockade by angiotensin II receptor blockers (ARB) offers a therapeutic tool for treating hypertension and ultimately the metabolic syndrome itself. In this paper, I describe the effects of ARBs on adiponectin, blood pressure, and fatty liver. Several clinical studies have reported that ARBs elevate adiponectin. ARBs that activate the PPARγ may be more effective than others. In terms of blood pressure, transient ARB administration may prevent the development of hypertension and high doses of ARB may regress mild hypertension. In terms of fatty liver, several research studies have indicated that ARBs may prevent triglyceride accumulation in liver. Again, ARBs that activate PPARγ may be more effective than others. Thus, PPARγ-activating ARBs offer the most hopeful treatment for metabolic syndrome. Further studies are needed to confirm this hypothesis.