Skip to content
2000
  1. Home
  2. A-Z Publications
  3. Current Respiratory Medicine Reviews
  4. Volume 21, Issue 3
  5. Article
Volume 21, Issue 3
  • ISSN: 1573-398X
  • E-ISSN: 1875-6387

Abstract

Background

Assessment of exercise tolerance should be an integral part of the follow-up of COVID-19 survivors.

Objective

We aimed in this study to investigate the correlation between the 5 Times Sit to Stand Test (5STST) and the 6-Minute Walk Test (6MWT) and to determine their place in assessing exercise tolerance and disability in COVID-19 survivors.

Methods

This was a cross-sectional study that included 201 survivors of COVID-19. All patients underwent a detailed medical questionnaire, assessment of disability by the Lawton scale, and sub-maximal exercise tolerance by 6MWT and 5STST. Our study population was divided into two groups based on the Length of Hospital Stay (LHS) (<10 or ≥10 days).

Results

Compared with the group with a LHS < 10 days, the group with prolonged LHS (≥10 days) had a significantly greater mean value of 5STST. In contrast, the mean values of 6-minute Walk Distance (6MWD) and Minimal Oxygen Saturation (MOS) were significantly lower. A significant correlation of 5STST with Lawton score (r = -0.373; < 0.0001) and 6MWD ( = -0.563; < 0.0001) was also found.

Conclusion

Our results showed that the 5STST was correlated with the 6MWD and Lawton score. Hence, it could be proposed to assess physical capacity and disability, especially in patients who had a prolonged LHS for COVID-19.

© 2025 Bentham Science Publishers
Loading

Article metrics loading...

/content/journals/crmr/10.2174/011573398X308876240919114641
2024-09-30
2025-06-27

  • From This Site

    /content/journals/crmr/10.2174/011573398X308876240919114641
    dcterms_title,dcterms_subject,pub_keyword
    -contentType:Contributor -contentType:Concept -contentType:Institution
    10
    5
Loading full text...

Full text loading...

References

  1. WangC. WangZ. WangG. LauJ.Y.N. ZhangK. LiW. COVID-19 in early 2021: Current status and looking forward.Signal Transduct. Target. Ther.20216111410.1038/s41392‑021‑00527‑133686059
     [Google Scholar]
  2. SyifaN. PurboriniN. RachmawatiH. SumadiFAN. MuhammadI. Depression, anxiety, and stress among health college students during covid-19 outbreak and online education.J. Public Health Dev.20231319220610.55131/jphd/2023/2103115
     [Google Scholar]
  3. TianW. JiangW. YaoJ. NicholsonC.J. LiR.H. SigurslidH.H. WoosterL. RotterJ.I. GuoX. MalhotraR. Predictors of mortality in hospitalized COVID-19 patients: A systematic review and meta-analysis.J. Med. Virol.202092101875188310.1002/jmv.2605032441789
     [Google Scholar]
  4. TazehA.A. MohammadpooraslA. SarbakhshP. AbbasiM. DorostiA. KhayatzadehS. Investigating the related factors of mortality and length of hospitalization of COVID-19 patients of East Azerbaijan Hospitals, Iran.J. Res. Health Sci.2022223e00557e0055710.34172/jrhs.2022.9236511375
     [Google Scholar]
  5. EmamiA. JavanmardiF. PirbonyehN. AkbariA. Prevalence of underlying diseases in hospitalized patients with COVID-19: A systematic review and meta-analysis.Arch. Acad. Emerg. Med.202081e3532232218
     [Google Scholar]
  6. GandotraS. LovatoJ. CaseD. BakhruR.N. GibbsK. BerryM. FilesD.C. MorrisP.E. Physical function trajectories in survivors of acute respiratory failure.Ann. Am. Thorac. Soc.201916447147710.1513/AnnalsATS.201806‑375OC30571923
     [Google Scholar]
  7. Torres-CastroR. Solis-NavarroL. Sitjà-RabertM. VilaróJ. Functional limitations post-COVID-19: A comprehensive assessment strategy.Arch. Bronconeumol.2021577810.1016/j.arbres.2020.07.02534629627
     [Google Scholar]
  8. EksombatchaiD. WongsininT. PhongnarudechT. ThammavaranucuptK. AmornputtisathapornN. SungkanuparphS. Pulmonary function and six-minute-walk test in patients after recovery from COVID-19: A prospective cohort study.PLoS One2021169e025704010.1371/journal.pone.025704034473811
     [Google Scholar]
  9. Núñez-CortésR. Rivera-LilloG. Arias-CampoverdeM. Soto-GarcíaD. García-PalomeraR. Torres-CastroR. Use of sit-to-stand test to assess the physical capacity and exertional desaturation in patients post COVID-19.Chron. Respir. Dis.20211810.1177/147997312199920533645261
     [Google Scholar]
  10. ZhangQ. LiY. LiX. YinY. LiR. QiaoX. LiW. MaH. MaW. HanY. ZengG. WangQ. KangJ. HouG. A comparative study of the five-repetition sit-to-stand test and the 30-second sit-to-stand test to assess exercise tolerance in COPD patients.Int. J. Chron. Obstruct. Pulmon. Dis.2018132833283910.2147/COPD.S17350930237707
     [Google Scholar]
  11. BloemA. VeltkampM. SpruitMA. CustersJWH. BakkerEWP. DolkHM. Validation of 4-meter-gait-speed test and 5-repetitions-sit-to-stand test in patients with pulmonary fibrosis: A clinimetric validation study.Sarcoidosis Vasc. Diffuse Lung Dis.201835431732610.36141/svdld.v35i4.7035
     [Google Scholar]
  12. HuangC. WangY. LiX. RenL. ZhaoJ. HuY. ZhangL. FanG. XuJ. GuX. ChengZ. YuT. XiaJ. WeiY. WuW. XieX. YinW. LiH. LiuM. XiaoY. GaoH. GuoL. XieJ. WangG. JiangR. GaoZ. JinQ. WangJ. CaoB. Clinical features of patients infected with 2019 novel coronavirus in Wuhan, China.Lancet20203951022349750610.1016/S0140‑6736(20)30183‑531986264
     [Google Scholar]
  13. ZuZ.Y. JiangM.D. XuP.P. ChenW. NiQ.Q. LuG.M. ZhangL.J. Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19): A perspective from China.Radiology20202962E15E2510.1148/radiol.202020049032083985
     [Google Scholar]
  14. HollandA.E. SpruitM.A. TroostersT. PuhanM.A. PepinV. SaeyD. McCormackM.C. CarlinB.W. SciurbaF.C. PittaF. WangerJ. MacIntyreN. KaminskyD.A. CulverB.H. RevillS.M. HernandesN.A. AndrianopoulosV. CamilloC.A. MitchellK.E. LeeA.L. HillC.J. SinghS.J. An official European Respiratory Society/American Thoracic Society technical standard: Field walking tests in chronic respiratory disease.Eur. Respir. J.20144461428144610.1183/09031936.0015031425359355
     [Google Scholar]
  15. ZouG.Y. Toward using confidence intervals to compare correlations.Psychol. Methods200712439941310.1037/1082‑989X.12.4.39918179351
     [Google Scholar]
  16. DenehyL. Nordon-CraftA. EdbrookeL. MaloneD. BerneyS. SchenkmanM. MossM. Outcome measures report different aspects of patient function three months following critical care.Intensive Care Med.201440121862186910.1007/s00134‑014‑3513‑325319384
     [Google Scholar]
  17. LawtonM.P. BrodyE.M. Assessment of older people: Self-maintaining and instrumental activities of daily living.Gerontologist196993 Part 117918610.1093/geront/9.3_Part_1.1795349366
     [Google Scholar]
  18. ATS Committee on Proficiency Standards for Clinical Pulmonary Function LaboratoriesATS statement: Guidelines for the six-minute walk test.Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med.2002166111111710.1164/ajrccm.166.1.at110212091180
     [Google Scholar]
  19. YueH. YuQ. LiuC. HuangY. JiangZ. ShaoC. ZhangH. MaB. WangY. XieG. ZhangH. LiX. KangN. MengX. HuangS. XuD. LeiJ. HuangH. YangJ. JiJ. PanH. ZouS. JuS. QiX. Machine learning-based CT radiomics method for predicting hospital stay in patients with pneumonia associated with SARS-CoV-2 infection: A multicenter study.Ann. Transl. Med.202081485910.21037/atm‑20‑302632793703
     [Google Scholar]
  20. WangD. HuB. HuC. ZhuF. LiuX. ZhangJ. WangB. XiangH. ChengZ. XiongY. ZhaoY. LiY. WangX. PengZ. Clinical characteristics of 138 hospitalized patients with 2019 novel coronavirus–infected pneumonia in Wuhan, China.JAMA2020323111061106910.1001/jama.2020.158532031570
     [Google Scholar]
  21. BohannonR.W. Reference values for the five-repetition sit-to-stand test: A descriptive meta-analysis of data from elders.Percept. Mot. Skills2006103121522210.2466/pms.103.1.215‑22217037663
     [Google Scholar]
  22. BohannonR.W. BubelaD.J. MagasiS.R. WangY.C. GershonR.C. Sit-to-stand test: Performance and determinants across the age-span.Isokinet. Exerc. Sci.201018423524010.3233/IES‑2010‑038925598584
     [Google Scholar]
  23. MeloT.A. DuarteA.C.M. BezerraT.S. FrançaF. SoaresN.S. BritoD. The Five Times Sit-to-Stand Test: Safety and reliability with older intensive care unit patients at discharge.Rev. Bras. Ter. Intensiva2019311273310.5935/0103‑507X.2019000630892478
     [Google Scholar]
  24. BohannonR.W. Measurement of Sit-to-Stand among older adults.Top. Geriatr. Rehabil.2012281111610.1097/TGR.0b013e31823415fa
     [Google Scholar]
  25. OzalevliS. OzdenA. ItilO. AkkocluA. Comparison of the Sit-to-Stand Test with 6 min walk test in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.Respir. Med.2007101228629310.1016/j.rmed.2006.05.00716806873
     [Google Scholar]
  26. JonesC.J. RikliR.E. BeamW.C. A 30-s chair-stand test as a measure of lower body strength in community-residing older adults.Res. Q. Exerc. Sport199970211311910.1080/02701367.1999.1060802810380242
     [Google Scholar]
  27. GoldbergA. ChavisM. WatkinsJ. WilsonT. The five-times-sit-to-stand test: Validity, reliability and detectable change in older females.Aging Clin. Exp. Res.201224433934410.1007/BF0332526523238309
     [Google Scholar]
  28. BennellK. DobsonF. HinmanR. Measures of physical performance assessments: Self-Paced Walk Test (SPWT), Stair Climb Test (SCT), Six-Minute Walk Test (6MWT), Chair Stand Test (CST), Timed Up & Go (TUG), Sock Test, Lift and Carry Test (LCT), and Car Task.Arthritis Care Res. (Hoboken)201163S11S350S37010.1002/acr.2053822588756
     [Google Scholar]
  29. ZhangF. FerrucciL. CulhamE. MetterE.J. GuralnikJ. DeshpandeN. Performance on five times sit-to-stand task as a predictor of subsequent falls and disability in older persons.J. Aging Health201325347849210.1177/089826431347581323407343
     [Google Scholar]
  30. JudgeJ.O. SchechtmanK. CressE. GroupF.I.C.S.I.T. The relationship between physical performance measures and independence in instrumental activities of daily living.J. Am. Geriatr. Soc.199644111332134110.1111/j.1532‑5415.1996.tb01404.x8909349
     [Google Scholar]
  31. SmithJ.M. LeeA.C. ZeleznikH. Coffey ScottJ.P. FatimaA. NeedhamD.M. OhtakeP.J. Home and community-based physical therapist management of adults with post–intensive care syndrome.Phys. Ther.202010071062107310.1093/ptj/pzaa05932280993
     [Google Scholar]
  32. KotfisK. W RobersonS. WilsonJ.E. DabrowskiW. PunB.T. ElyE.W. COVID-19: ICU delirium management during SARS-CoV-2 pandemic.Crit. Care202024117610.1186/s13054‑020‑02882‑x32345343
     [Google Scholar]
  33. BiehlM. SeseD. Post-intensive care syndrome and COVID-19 — Implications post pandemic.Cleve. Clin. J. Med.2020101310.3949/ccjm.87a.ccc055
     [Google Scholar]
  34. SheehyL.M. Considerations for postacute rehabilitation for survivors of COVID-19.JMIR Public Health Surveill.202062e1946210.2196/1946232369030
     [Google Scholar]
  35. DombrowskyT.A. Relationship between engagement and level of functional status in older adults.SAGE Open Med.2017510.1177/205031211772799828904793
     [Google Scholar]
  36. ClarkB.C. ManiniT.M. What is dynapenia?Nutrition201228549550310.1016/j.nut.2011.12.00222469110
     [Google Scholar]
  37. DiPietroL. Physical activity in aging: Changes in patterns and their relationship to health and function.J. Gerontol. A Biol. Sci. Med. Sci.200156Spec No 2132210.1093/gerona/56.suppl_2.1311730234
     [Google Scholar]
  38. DaltonB.H. PowerG.A. VandervoortA.A. RiceC.L. The age-related slowing of voluntary shortening velocity exacerbates power loss during repeated fast knee extensions.Exp. Gerontol.2012471859210.1016/j.exger.2011.10.01022079852
     [Google Scholar]
  39. BelliS. BalbiB. PrinceI. CattaneoD. MasoccoF. ZaccariaS. BertalliL. CattiniF. LomazzoA. Dal NegroF. GiardiniM. FranssenF.M.E. JanssenD.J.A. SpruitM.A. Low physical functioning and impaired performance of activities of daily life in COVID-19 patients who survived hospitalisation.Eur. Respir. J.20205642002096 https://erj.ersjournals.com/content/56/4/200209610.1183/13993003.02096‑202032764112
     [Google Scholar]
  40. MusheyevB. BorgL. JanowiczR. Functional status of mechanically ventilated COVID-19 survivors at ICU and hospital discharge.J. Intensive Care2021910.1186/s40560‑021‑00542‑y
     [Google Scholar]
  41. Peroy-BadalR. Sevillano-CastañoA. Torres-CastroR. García-FernándezP. Maté-MuñozJ.L. DumitranaC. Comparison of different field tests to assess the physical capacity of post-COVID-19 patients.Pulmonology2022AugS253104372200195736117103
     [Google Scholar]
  42. ButlandR.J. PangJ. GrossE.R. WoodcockA.A. GeddesD.M. Two-, six-, and 12-minute walking tests in respiratory disease.Br Med J (Clin Res Ed).198228463291607160810.1136/bmj.284.6329.16076805625
     [Google Scholar]
/content/journals/crmr/10.2174/011573398X308876240919114641
Loading
The Five Times Sit to Stand Test as a Tool to Assess Disability and Physical Capacity after Hospitalization for COVID-19
Current Respiratory Medicine Reviews 21, 258 (2025); https://doi.org/10.2174/011573398X308876240919114641
/content/journals/crmr/10.2174/011573398X308876240919114641
/content/journals/crmr/10.2174/011573398X308876240919114641
Loading

Data & Media loading...


  • Article Type:     Research Article
Keyword(s): COVID-19; length of hospital stay, lawton score; physical capacity; sit to stand test; six-minute walk test

Most Cited Most Cited RSS feed

This is a required field
Please enter a valid email address
Approval was a Success
Invalid data
An Error Occurred
Approval was partially successful, following selected items could not be processed due to error
Please enter a valid_number test