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2000
Volume 6, Issue 2
  • ISSN: 2211-5560
  • E-ISSN: 2211-5579

Abstract

Bipolar disorder is characterized by a host of sleep-wake abnormalities that suggests that the reticular activating system (RAS) is involved in these symptoms. One of the signs of the disease is a decrease in high frequency gamma band activity, which accounts for a number of additional deficits. Bipolar disorder has also been found to overexpress neuronal calcium sensor protein 1 (NCS-1). Recent studies showed that elements in the RAS generate gamma band activity that is mediated by high threshold calcium (Ca2+) channels. This minireview provides a description of recent findings on the role of Ca2+ and Ca2+ channels in bipolar disorder, emphasizing the involvement of arousal-related systems in the manifestation of many of the disease symptoms. This will hopefully bring attention to a much-needed area of research and provide novel avenues for therapeutic development.

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/content/journals/cpsp/10.2174/2211556006666171024141949
2017-08-01
2025-07-06
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/content/journals/cpsp/10.2174/2211556006666171024141949
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  • Article Type:
    Review Article
Keyword(s): Arousal; Ca2+ channels; CaMKII; cAMP/PKA; gamma oscillations; lithium; N-type; P/Q-type
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