Chronic Hepatitis C, Insulin Resistance and Vascular Disease

The role of hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection in the development of vascular disease is controversial. Insulin resistance (IR) is a recognized risk factor for cardiovascular disease (CVD) and is associated with chronic hepatitis C (CHC). Thus, IR may promote atherosclerosis and vascular disease in CHC patients. HCV-associated IR may also cause hepatic steatosis and resistance to antiviral treatment. In addition, HCV may contribute a direct, proatherogenetic action on the vascular wall. This review considers the impact of IR on interferon-α based therapy of HCV infection and the role of insulin-sensitizing agents on the response to antiviral treatment and prevention of IR complications, including CVD.