Skip to content
2000
Volume 14, Issue 3
  • ISSN: 1877-9468
  • E-ISSN:

Abstract

Introduction

This research paper explores the environmental sustainability of ionic liquid-based green solvents in the extraction and purification of natural plant products, with a focus on their entire life cycle. The objectives of the study were to assess the environmental impact of ionic liquid synthesis, energy consumption, water usage, emissions, recycling rates, policy effects, and stakeholder perceptions.

Methods

Methodologically, we conducted a comprehensive Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) that involved primary data collection through field surveys and interviews with key stakeholders in the ionic liquid production and usage industry across various regions in India. The data were analyzed using specialized LCA software tools to quantify environmental impacts. Key findings include the identification of synthesis as a major contributor to environmental impact, emphasizing the need for greener synthesis methods.

Results

The study revealed the significant carbon footprint, energy consumption, and water usage during production, highlighting opportunities for improvement. Emissions data underscored the importance of emission control measures, particularly for greenhouse gases and volatile organic compounds. Recycling and reuse were identified as environmentally friendly disposal methods. Policy compliance varied among stakeholders, indicating room for stricter regulations. Stakeholder perceptions varied, with researchers having the most positive outlook. Implications of the findings extend to sustainable chemistry practices, emphasizing interdisciplinary collaboration and the importance of considering the entire life cycle of chemical processes.

Conclusion

This research contributes to a deeper understanding of green solvents and provides a foundation for promoting sustainable practices in industrial processes in India and globally.

Loading

Article metrics loading...

/content/journals/cpc/10.2174/0118779468304352240423084047
2024-11-01
2024-11-22
Loading full text...

Full text loading...

References

  1. AhmadiR. AzoozE.A. YaminiY. RamezaniA.M. Liquid-liquid microextraction techniques based on in-situ formation/decomposition of deep eutectic solvents.Trends Analyt. Chem.202316111701910.1016/j.trac.2023.117019
    [Google Scholar]
  2. RostovtsevaV. PulyalinaA. DubovenkoR. FaykovI. SubbotinaK. SaprykinaN. NovikovA. VinogradovaL. PolotskayaG. Enhancing pervaporation membrane selectivity by incorporating star macromolecules modified with ionic liquid for intensification of lactic acid dehydration.Polymers20211311181110.3390/polym13111811 34072762
    [Google Scholar]
  3. UllahN. HaseebA. TuzenM. Application of recently used green solvents in sample preparation techniques: a comprehensive review of existing trends, challenges, and future opportunities.Crit. Rev. Anal. Chem.202312010.1080/10408347.2023.2197495 37067946
    [Google Scholar]
  4. TzaniA. KaradendrouM-A. KalafateliS. KakokefalouV. DetsiA. Current trends in green solvents: biocompatible ionic liquids.Crystals20221212177610.3390/cryst12121776
    [Google Scholar]
  5. GazalU. KhanI. BhatA.H. PathakV. Chapter 3 - Ionic liquids as green solvents in the pharmaceutical industry.Green Sustainable Process for Chemical and Environmental Engineering and ScienceElsevier2021415410.1016/B978‑0‑12‑821885‑3.00002‑5
    [Google Scholar]
  6. ChenY. MuT. Revisiting greenness of ionic liquids and deep eutectic solvents.J. Green Chem. Enginee.20212217418610.1016/j.gce.2021.01.004
    [Google Scholar]
  7. MusarurwaH. TavengwaN.T. Emerging green solvents and their applications during pesticide analysis in food and environmental samples.Talanta2021223Pt 112150710.1016/j.talanta.2020.121507 33303178
    [Google Scholar]
  8. MeenuM. BansalV. RanaS. SharmaN. KumarV. AroraV. GargM. Deep eutectic solvents (DESs) and natural deep eutectic solvents (NADESs): Designer solvents for green extraction of anthocyanin.Sustain. Chem. Pharm.20233410116810.1016/j.scp.2023.101168
    [Google Scholar]
  9. De SilvaS. Ocaña-RiosI. CaglieroC. GostelM.R. JohnsonG. AndersonJ.L. Isolation of DNA from plant tissues using a miniaturized matrix solid-phase dispersion approach featuring ionic liquid and magnetic ionic liquid solvents.Anal. Chim. Acta2023124534085810.1016/j.aca.2023.340858 36737141
    [Google Scholar]
  10. WangY. WangS. LiuL. Recovery of natural active molecules using aqueous two-phase systems comprising of ionic liquids/deep eutectic solvents. Green Chemi.Enginee.20223151410.1016/j.gce.2021.07.007
    [Google Scholar]
  11. DheyabA.S. Abu BakarM.F. AlOmarM. SabranS.F. Muhamad HanafiA.F. MohamadA. Deep Eutectic Solvents (DESs) as Green Extraction Media of Beneficial Bioactive Phytochemicals.Separations202181017610.3390/separations8100176
    [Google Scholar]
  12. PercevaultL. LimantonE. GauffreF. LagrostC. PaquinL. Extraction of Plant and Algal Polyphenols Using Eutectic Solvents. FourmentinS. Costa GomesM. LichtfouseE. Deep Eutectic Solvents for Medicine, Gas Solubilization and Extraction of Natural SubstancesEnvironmental Chemistry for a Sustainable WorldSpringerCham20215624130610.1007/978‑3‑030‑53069‑3_7
    [Google Scholar]
  13. de JesusS.S. FilhoR.M. Recent advances in lipid extraction using green solvents.Renew. Sustain. Energy Rev.202013311028910.1016/j.rser.2020.110289
    [Google Scholar]
  14. JablonskýM. ŠimaJ. Phytomass valorization by deep eutectic solvents—achievements, perspectives, and limitations.Crystals202010980010.3390/cryst10090800
    [Google Scholar]
  15. ChoiY.H. VerpoorteR. VerpoorteR. Green solvents for the extraction of bioactive compounds from natural products using ionic liquids and deep eutectic solvents.Curr. Opin. Food Sci.201926879310.1016/j.cofs.2019.04.003
    [Google Scholar]
  16. MelekhovaA.A. SmirnovA.S. NovikovA.S. PanikorovskiiT.L. BokachN.A. KukushkinV.Y. Copper(I)-Catalyzed 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition of ketonitrones to dialkylcyanamides: A Step toward Sustainable Generation of 2,3-Dihydro-1,2,4-oxadiazoles.ACS Omega2017241380139110.1021/acsomega.7b00130 31457510
    [Google Scholar]
  17. YunusovaS.N. NovikovA.S. SoldatovaN.S. VovkM.A. BolotinD.S. Iodonium salts as efficient iodine(III)-based noncovalent organocatalysts for Knorr-type reactions.RSC Adv.2021114574458310.1039/D0RA09640G
    [Google Scholar]
  18. RozhkovA.V. NovikovA.S. IvanovD.M. BolotinD.S. BokachN.A. KukushkinV.Y. Structure-directing weak interactions with 1,4-diiodotetrafluorobenzene convert one-dimensional arrays of [mii (acac)2] species into three-dimensional networks.Cryst. Growth Des.20181863626363610.1021/acs.cgd.8b00408
    [Google Scholar]
  19. Il’inM.V. SysoevaA.A. NovikovA.S. BolotinD.S. Diaryliodoniums as hybrid hydrogen- and halogen-bond-donating organocatalysts for the groebke–blackburn–bienaymé reaction.J. Org. Chem.20228774569457910.1021/acs.joc.1c02885 35176856
    [Google Scholar]
  20. Il’inM.V. NovikovA.S. BolotinD.S. Sulfonium and selenonium salts as noncovalent organocatalysts for the multicomponent groebke–blackburn–bienaymé reaction.J. Org. Chem.20228715101991020710.1021/acs.joc.2c01141 35858372
    [Google Scholar]
  21. SysoevaA.A. NovikovA.S. Il’inM.V. SuslonovV.V. BolotinD.S. Predicting the catalytic activity of azolium-based halogen bond donors: an experimentally-verified theoretical study.Org. Biomol. Chem.202119357611762010.1039/D1OB01158H 34323914
    [Google Scholar]
/content/journals/cpc/10.2174/0118779468304352240423084047
Loading
/content/journals/cpc/10.2174/0118779468304352240423084047
Loading

Data & Media loading...

This is a required field
Please enter a valid email address
Approval was a Success
Invalid data
An Error Occurred
Approval was partially successful, following selected items could not be processed due to error
Please enter a valid_number test