Sustainable Pharmaceutical Preparation Methods and Solid-state Analysis Supporting Green Pharmacy

Every "entity" or compound has physical and chemical properties as references for the synthesis and determination of the entity's structure. Thermodynamically, solid-state is the most stable matter in the universe and to be the ideal form in structure elucidation of pharmaceutical. The dry treatments, such as mechanochemistry, microwave heating, and the using of deep eutectic agent are becoming popular. These techniques are viewed as futuristic methods for reducing environmental damage, in line with "green pharmacy" concept. On the other hand, solid-state analysis methods from the simplest to the most sophisticated one have been used in the long decades, but most are for qualitative purposes. Recently many reports have proven that solid-state analysis instruments are reliable and prospective for implementing in the quantitative measurement. Infrared spectroscopy, powder x-ray diffraction, and differential scanning calorimetry have been employed in various kinetics and content determination studies. A revolutionary method developed for structural elucidation is single-crystal diffraction, which is capable of rapidly and accurately determining a three-dimensional chemical structure. Hereby it is shown that the accurate, precise, economic, ease, rapid-speed, and reliability of solidstate analysis methods are eco-benefits by reducing the reagent, catalyst, and organic solvent.