1,3,5 and 1,2,4-triazines as Potent Scaffolds for Molecules Potentially Attenuating Breast Cancer Cell Lines

Breast cancer was diagnosed in around 2.3 million women in 2020. Owing to the alarming rise in the incidence of breast cancer, newer small molecules with targeted therapy are the need of the hour. A plethora of small molecules has been approved by the USFDA in the past few years. Triazine is a six-membered aromatic nitrogen heterocyclic molecule that was investigated for its various types of biological activities specially anticancer activity. Triazines are studied in many derivatives having remarkable anti-tumor activity as reported in this literature. Triazines are reported to possess a variety of biological activities and have been widely investigated as a scaffold for developing newer anti-tumor agents with an ability to inhibit various types of cancers, including breast cancers. Triazine derivatives show anticancer activity by inhibiting various targets like mTOR- kinase, PIP3-kinase, epidermal growth factor, etc. A limited number of triazine derivatives have also been clinically used for the treatment of breast cancer. A detailed study of the literature available on various derivatives of triazines with primary applicability as cytotoxic to breast cancer cell was carried out and is presented in this review. A total of 66 structurally diverse triazines have been reported in this review along with the structural features responsible for activity against various breast cancer cell lines. The primary amino residues to which the triazine based molecules bind in the estrogen receptor alpha and epidermal growth factor receptor 2, as found in various docking studies have also been detailed in the review.