Advancements in the Functionalization of Aryl C-sp² and Alkyl C-sp³ of Toluene Derivatives via C-H Activation

Toluene and its derivatives have been well established as versatile scaffolds in organic synthesis over the last few decades. This review provides a brief and concise overview of the current status and latest methodologies in the synthetic utility of toluene and its derivatives by exploiting both the alkyl-sp³ and aryl-sp² carbons via C-H activation. The review also explores the effect of various substituents on the toluene derivatives in facilitating different reactions.