Metal-nanoparticles Supported on Solid as Heterogeneous Catalysts

Heterogeneous catalysts based on supported metal nanoparticles are commonly used in many industrially relevant catalytic reactions. This review examines the existing literature of several types of the supported-metal nanoparticle heterogeneous catalysts. Specifically, this review includes: (i) a brief overview of the catalysts from the immobilization of metal nanoparticles on mesoporous silica materials, oxide and carbon nanotube (ii) an introduction of the existing strategies presented, e.g., the utilization of porous inorganic shell to cap metals nanoparticles to prevent aggregation during catalytic reaction, then (iii) a summary of the catalysts including metal nanoparticles encapsulated in hollow shells, which provide the thermal and chemical stability of metal nanoparticles during catalytic reactions.