Click Chemistry on Nano-Surfaces

In recent years, “click” chemistry, especially the Cu(I)-catalyzed azide/alkyne 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition “click” reaction, has emerged as an attractive and promising synthesis approach due to its prominent virtues such as high specificity, quantitative yields, compatibility with various solvents (including water), and mild reaction conditions. Since there are already many reviews concerning click chemistry itself or its applications in some fields, the present review focuses only on the click chemistry on the nano-surfaces that mainly include hard (e.g., Au, γ-Fe2O3, Fe3O4, Si/SiO2, CNTs, CdSe, TiO2 nanoparticles) and soft nanosurfaces (e.g., polymeric nanoparticles and biomacromolecules). The “click” surface modification strategies of various nano-objects are summarized comprehensively, providing a valuable repository of knowledge for the interested researchers to further dive into click chemistry, surface chemistry, and biochemistry.