CNS & Neurological Disorders - Drug Targets (Formerly Current Drug Targets - CNS & Neurological Disorders) - Volume 21, Issue 7, 2022

Diabetes mellitus is a major metabolic disorder that has now emerged as an epidemic, and it affects the brain through an array of pathways. Patients with diabetes mellitus can develop pathological changes in the brain, which eventually take the shape of mild cognitive impairment, which later progresses to Alzheimer’s disease. A number of preclinical and clinical studies have demonstrated this fact, and molecular pathwa Read More

Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation (TMS) is widely used in neurophysiology to study cortical excitability. Research over the last few decades has highlighted its added value as a potential therapeutic tool in the treatment of a broad range of psychiatric disorders. More recently, a number of studies have reported beneficial and therapeutic effects for TMS in neurodegenerative conditions and strokes. Yet, despite its recognised Read More

In the last few decades, major knowledge has been gained about pathophysiological aspects and molecular pathways behind Parkinson’s Disease (PD). Based on neurotoxicological studies and postmortem investigations, there is a general concept of how environmental toxicants (neurotoxins, pesticides, insecticides) and genetic factors (genetic mutations in PD-associated proteins) cause depletion of dopamine from substantia Read More

Parkinson's disease (PD) is the second most prominent neurodegenerative movement disorder after Alzheimer’s disease, involving 2-3% of the population aged above 65 years. This is mainly triggered by the depletion of dopaminergic neurons located in substantia nigra pars compacta (SNpc) in the region of basal ganglia. At present, diagnosis for symptoms of PD is clinical, contextual, unspecified and therapeutically inc Read More

Alzheimer's Disease (AD) is a chronic neurodegenerative disease. It is clinically characterized by memory loss and intellectual decrease, among other neurological deficits. The etiology of AD is not completely understood but includes amyloid plaques and intracellular helical filaments as well as neurofibrillary tangles with hyperphosphorylated tau protein. AD is also associated with alterations in amyloid processing genes, such Read More

Aims: To investigate the efficacy and safety of Cerebrolysin and Cerebrolysin plus nootropics in the routine treatment of patients with acute ischemic stroke (AIS). Background: Acute ischemic stroke (AIS) is a leading cause of disability with unmet treatment needs lacking effective drug therapy. Multimodal drugs modulating stroke pathophysiology as Cerebrolysin constitute a good therapeutic option. Objective: In this stu Read More

Background: Over the last few years, the number of people suffering from sleeping disorders has increased significantly despite negative effects on cognition and an association with brain inflammation. Objectives: We assessed memory deficits caused by Sleep Deprivation (SD) to determine the therapeutic effect of phosphodiesterase 4 (PDE4) inhibitors on SD-induced memory deficits and to investigate whether the modulation o Read More