Research Problems Associated with Resveratrol (trans-3, 5, 4’- trihydroxystilbene; RSV) and Various Strategies to Overcome those Problems (Review)

Background: Resveratrol belonging to stilbene family has emerged as a leading candidate for enhancing the health span by potentially decreasing the aging process and reducing chronic diseases. Objective: The aim of this review is to focus on various studies related to chemical composition l, pharmacological activities, bioavailability problems associated with resveratrol. In addition, it includes section discussing the challenges associated with drug and strategies to improve resveratrol solubility, stability and bioavailability. Current Scenario: It is being revealed currently in various literature that resveratrol is a potential drug candidate with multi-spectrum pharmacological applications. The poor bioavailability of resveratrol in humans is a matter of great concern for transforming basic science findings into clinical application. Although couple of research projects have emerged from human clinical trials, however results are conflicting, that may partially belong to defined dosing protocols. A number of theoretical methods have been developed to improve the bioavailability of resveratrol, including micronization of particles which are combined with additional phytochemicals, novel delivery systems, and nanotechnology applied formulations. Conclusion: If bioavailability is such a limitation in the clinical application of resveratrol, then methods need to be optimized for resveratrol formulations. Drug stability needs to be improved, so that the bioavailability enhances and side-effects of resveratrol reduces. The novel drug delivery systems have been designed to bring this potential molecule to the first line treatment of diseases. This review focuses on the current bioavailability literature, reveals data from humans, and provides suggested actions to be taken for future research.