Current Clinical Pharmacology - Volume 14, Issue 3, 2019

Background: Current guidelines recommend the use of vancomycin for the initial treatment of moderate to severe Clostridioides difficile Infection (CDI). Surotomycin, a novel antibiotic, has been utilized for the management of CDI with variable results. Methods: A systematic literature search was performed using the following electronic databases [Medline, Embase, google scholar and Cochrane] for eligible studies. Randomize Read More

Background: Due to inappropriate diet, smoking, alcohol consumption, regular use of drugs like NSAIDs and sedentary lifestyle, one may feel upper abdominal pain which may be the predictor of the gastrointestinal disorder called Peptic Ulcer. When an imbalance occurs between the defensive factor and aggressive factor of the stomach, ulcer formation in the esophageal lining, stomach, or duodenum takes place. This leads to Read More

Background: Exposure, safety and/or efficacy of drugs are subject to potential differences between human races or ethnicities, as acknowledged by regulatory guidance and by label texts of various, but not all approved drugs. Objective: The objective of the present review was to assess recent regulatory precedence on drug use and race or ethnicity, with the goal of identifying opportunities for increasing the informative value o Read More

Background: Cesarean section is the most common midwifery operation. The aim of this study is to determine the mean minimum dose of bolus oxytocin for proper uterine contraction during cesarean section. Methods: Patients were divided into two groups: elective cesarean section (n=41) and cesarean section due to difficulty in labor (n=42 patients). Patients underwent spinal anesthesia and oxytocin infusion was begun at Read More

Background: Cotrimoxazole is the main antibiotic used in primary prophylaxis for opportunistic infections in advanced HIV infection. This drug can inhibit one of the metabolic pathways of atazanavir (ATV), such as the cytochromes P450 (CYP) 2C8/2C9 and could interfere with its safety and efficacy. Objective: We studied the drug-drug interaction (DDI) between cotrimoxazole and ATV by using therapeutic drug monitoring (T Read More

Background: Exposure to ionizing radiation may lead to chronic upregulation of inflammatory mediators and pro-oxidant enzymes, which give rise to continuous production of reactive oxygen species (ROS). NADPH oxidases are among the most important ROS producing enzymes. Their upregulation is associated with DNA damage and genomic instability. In the present study, we sought to determine the expressions of N Read More

Background: Serotonin 5-HT3 receptor antagonists such as ondansetron have been investigated to attenuate opioid withdrawal signs in studies. Objective: Therefore, we designed a randomized double-blinded placebo-controlled trial to evaluate this effect on opioid-addicted patients who were admitted to the orthopedic department for surgery due to bone fractures. Methods: Male adults who were addicted to opioids, age Read More

Background: Azithromycin is one of the most popular antibiotics in current clinical practice. This medication generally considered to be safe and well-tolerated in different demographic populations. Like any other drug, azithromycin use is not without risk and adverse effects. In recent years, cardiovascular accidents have been announced as its major and most important side effect. But azithromycin use can be accompanied Read More