An Insight into Unani Hypoglycemic Drugs and Their Mechanism of Action

Background: Diabetes mellitus type-II is a major health problem characterized by hypoinsulinemia and insulin resistance, leading to hyperglycemia and its complications. In Unani medicine, it is known as ziyābetus. Several drugs are prescribed in Unani medicine as single and compound formulations for this disease. Most of these drugs have been studied on scientific parameters and shown significant activity in reducing the symptoms and complications of diabetes. Objectives: Critical evaluation of Unani medicines for treating diabetes patients have been conducted. The aim of the study is to provide complete information on this subject with the action of the mechanism so that proper treatment should be done with prospective research. Methods: Unani literature was reviewed extensively via various search engines for the herbs, shrubs used for diabetes treatment. Ten drugs were selected for the present review. Results and Conclusion: There is convincing evidence to suggest that the selected drugs have promising actions against diabetes and its complications. In addition, none of the studies has reported any adverse effects with the drugs. Also, there is evidence to suggest that the method of usage described in Unani medicine may reduce or eliminate adverse events, if any. Further, there is a great need to do more research on making medicine more effective. Besides, the review article is useful for treating patients effectively by advancing the research.