In vitro α-amylase and α-glucosidase Inhibition, Antioxidant, Anti- Inflammatory Activity and GC-MS Profiling of Avicennia alba Blume

Background: Avicennia alba Blume, is a well-known mangrove plant used in traditional medicinal practices for several human ailments. Objective: The study aimed at the evaluation of antidiabetic, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and cytotoxic activities of A. alba ethanolic leaf (AAL) and bark (AAB) extract along with phytochemical investigation. Methods: In vitro antidiabetic study was done by α-amylase, α-glucosidase enzyme inhibition assay; antioxidant study by DPPH, ABTS, superoxide, and metal chelating assays, antiinflammatory study by protein denaturation assay. The cytotoxicity study was done on TC1 murine cell line. Further, GC-MS analysis was carried out for AAL extracts. Results: AAL exhibited better antidiabetic activities with IC50 values of 1.18 and 0.87 mg/ml against α-amylase and α-glucosidase enzymes respectively. The AAL exhibited better ABTS, superoxide scavenging and metal chelating potential with IC50 values of 0.095, 0.127 and 0.444 mg/ml. However, AAB showed higher DPPH scavenging potential with IC50 value of 0.163 mg/ml. The AAL also exhibited higher protein denaturation potential with IC50 value of 0.370 mg/ml. The bark extract exhibited better cytotoxic activity as compared to leaf extracts on the TC1 murine cell line. The phytochemical study revealed higher total phenol (25.64 mg GAE/g), flavonoid (205.09 mg QE/g), and tannin content (251.17 mg GAE/g) in AAL. The GC-MS analysis revealed the presence of several compounds in AAL extract. Conclusion: The result of the present study highlights the antidiabetic, antioxidant and cytotoxic activities of mangrove plant Avicennia alba.