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oa Editorial [Hot topic: Present Applications of Analytical Methods: Prospects for High Throughput Screening of Pharmaceutically Active Compounds (Part 1) (Guest Editor: Sibel A. Ozkan)]
- Source: Combinatorial Chemistry & High Throughput Screening, Volume 13, Issue 6, Jul 2010, p. 454 - 454
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- 01 Jul 2010
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Abstract
Analytical methods widely utilize the knowledge of all the other disciplines such as biology, pharmaceutical chemistry, pharmaceutical technology, biotechnology and many other fields. Thereby, they provide all these with data on the character and amount of chemical species contained in natural and man-made objects and on the distribution of these species in space and time. Work in Analytical Chemistry is divided into two interrelated parts: The methodological part includes the study of physico-chemical processes from the analytical point of view, construction of the related instrumentation and the development and optimization of analytical methods. The practical part adjusts these analytical methods to the necessities of the users. The various analytical methods that permit the determination of drugs in their dosage forms, raw material, biological media etc, and also their metabolites to be separated, identified and quantitatively assayed are briefly reviewed. The current significance of separation, electrochemical, spectrophotometric and other methods is highlighted, as well as the limits of trace assays. The sensitivity of the analytical assay has a direct impact on the validity of the pharmacokinetic model which is built up from plasma concentration data. The precision and accuracy of the assay is also important, and it is not always straightforwardly estimated. A new significant parameter is the speed of analysis, and the resulting massive production of analytical data. New drugs coming from biotechnology, and their dosage forms, like targeted drugs, may produce new analytical problems in the future. In addition to other analytical methods, the use of electrochemical methods to gain key information about drug molecules and their mechanism of action is getting one of the important ways in drug discovery. Although electrochemical data do not give absolute relationship with biological activity, due to in vitro conditions it is still possible to consider that the oxidation mechanisms taking place at the electrode and in the body share related principles as a result of the existing similarities between electrochemical and biological reactions. Applications of electrochemical techniques to redox-active drug development and mechanistic studies are one of the recent interests in drug discovery. It should be noticed that many vital physiological processes are depending on oxido-reduction reactions. So, it is easy to find connections between electrochemical and biological reactions regarding electron transfer pathways. Pharmaceutical Sciences have contributed to drug development, synthesis, formulations and analysis through extensive studies in drug assays. Analytical and pharmaceutical chemists and pharmaceutical scientists play important roles in monitoring the drugs in their dosage forms and biological samples. From the viewpoints mentioned above, the title of this special issue, “Present Applications of Analytical Methods: Prospects for High Throughput Screening of Pharmaceutically Active Compounds”, was chosen so as to ask analytical chemists and pharmaceutical scientists to appreciate their great roles in pharmaceutical science. Three issues feature 12 Reviews and 20 Original Papers. In the first issue: resent developments of separation techniques such as capillary electrophoresis, liquid chromatography, high throughput screening methodologies, chiral analysis and spectrophotometric methods and their biological and pharmaceutical applications are presented. Second issue mainly contains current progresses in DNA biosensors, sensors, electroanalytical methods and their applications to the pharmaceuticals and biological samples, new electrode materials such as carbon nanotubes, boron doped diamond, etc. Finally, the third issue represents all important sensors, analytical and electroanalytical methods. In the last issue chiral, chromatographic, electroanalytical, sensor, atomic spectroscopic and colorimetric techniques and their applications were reported. The purpose of this special issue will be to serve as a guide to what analytical methods bring to analytical and medicinal chemistry and other pharmaceutical sciences as well as briefly review their role in drugs and the new developments and validation of assay methods of pharmaceutically active compounds. This special issue is multidisciplinary. Also recent developments of application, evaluation and validation of analytical methods are focused by key topics in drug developments and analysis by assessment of the distinguished authors of this special issue. Thus, I expect this special issue will assist readers to find out new information and to encourage them to contribute more to recent development on drug development and its analysis using different methods.I hope that the reader will find a number of topics of interest, and that additional new ideas will emerge from this special issue. I would like to thank to all of the authors for their excellent contributions, and the Editor-in-Chief of Combinatorial Chemistry & High Throughput Screening for his kind invitation to act as guest editor for this special issue.