Novel Glucose Biosensor Based on Citrullus Colocynthis and Urtica Dioica

Background: Determination of glucose is crucial in chemical, biological, and clinical samples, food processing, and fermentation. Despite 50 years of reports on biosensor technology development, it is still important to research new glucose biosensors. Objective: The main purpose of this study is to design and build a simple and effective glucose biosensor based on Citrullus Colocynthis and Urtica Dioica. Methods: In this study, the carbon paste electrodes of Citrullus Colocynthis and Urtica Dioica were prepared and connected to the LCR meter by copper wire, and then the glucose was injected into solution in various concentrations, and capacitance changes were recorded in the LCR meter proportional to concentration changes of glucose in electrode surface. Also, glucose was detected by other methods such as impedance, optical density reader, and UV-Vis spectroscopy. Results: Biosensors with electrodes modified with Citrullus Colocynthis and Urtica Dioica responded rapidly and with glucose sensitivity in the linear concentration range of 1.2-11.2 μg / ml and 2.5- 15 μg / ml, respectively.. Conclusion: Citrullus Colocynthis and Urtica Dioica are good candidates for glucose detection as plant tissue. Also, producing and purifying plant extracts makes it possible to miniaturize the glucose biosensor with greater sensitivity.