Imaging as a Strategy for Premortem Diagnosis and Staging of Tauopathies

Alzheimer's disease is diagnosed by postmortem detection of pathological lesions that accumulate in specific brain regions. Although the presence of both β-amyloid plaques and tau-bearing neurofibrillary lesions defines Alzheimer's disease, the distribution of neurofibrillary lesions alone correlates strongly with neurodegeneration and cognitive decline. A whole-brain imaging test capable of detecting these lesions in premortem cases could have great potential for staging and differentially diagnosing Alzheimer's disease. Here we discuss the challenges in developing a whole-brain imaging approach for detection of this intracellular target.