Bentham Science Publishers

This book presents information about the high enzymatic reactivity of reactive oxygen species. Chapters in the book cover several aspects of the topic such as the sources, formation mechanisms, reaction centers, oxidation-reduction reactions, cellular respiration chemistry, enzymatic kinetics, mitochondrial and plastid electron transport chains, oxidation-reduction potential, reaction constants, reaction velocity and reaction mechanisms involved, cellular cytotoxicity, antioxidant defense mechanisms in plants and animals, response of plants to conditions of environmental stress, xenobiotics, and the thermodynamics inherent to oxygen metabolism. The book also features a chapter on flavonoids which highlights a paradoxical facet of the affinity of reactive oxygen species for enzymes. Flavonoids are mainly antioxidant molecules as they act as trappers of reactive oxygen species. The chapter informs readers about the metabolic pathways mediated by enzymes through wich flavonoids become promoters of these same reactive oxygen species. All chapters present the subject in a simple, analytical format, while highlighting the scientific evidence gathered by researchers so far. The volume is an interesting reference for scholars learning about the biochemistry and enzymology of oxygen and its free radical derivatives.

Passive Location Method Based on Phase Difference Measurement presents groundbreaking information for developing passive positioning technologies. The author has put forward a series of innovative solutions from the perspective of engineering application theory with the aim of giving a basic understanding of the application of unambiguous phase difference localization techniques for long-range passive detection.

On the basis of the existing linear solution of the double basis path difference positioning equation and the analysis of its intrinsic properties, this book starts from the study of the phase difference measurement method of the phase difference change rate, puts forward the concept of the differential function of the path difference per unit wavelength length and also discovers its jump law. It provides a possible way to solve the problem of unambiguous phase difference measurement. These results are of great significance to the development of passive localization techniques based on unambiguous phase difference measurement.

Key Features:

- Sequentially presents theoretical frameworks to build the readers knowledge for better understanding the topics

- Presents a variety of unique method for solving kinematic positioning parameters and Doppler signal parameters by using unambiguous phase difference measurement.

- Presents a variety of direction-finding and ranging methods based on short baseline array and using unambiguous phase difference measurement technology, and exhibits the method of constructing long baseline two-station direction finding and ranging with short baseline array

- Presents a variety of two-station passive positioning methods based on angle measurement which are beneficial to improve the positioning accuracy on the basis of studying the relationship between the phase difference and angle

- Presents the means to convert Doppler detection to the non-fuzzy phase difference measure, for the localization problem in which it is difficult to use the phase difference localization equation directly, since the accuracy of the phase difference measurement is better than that of the Doppler frequency difference

- Presents a variety of new positioning methods and several novel concepts while demonstrating the theoretical exploration of passive location problem based on unambiguous phase difference measurement

This reference is a resource for scholars, engineers and technicians involved in radio positioning research and the improvement of radar, satellite navigation systems, unmanned systems and Internet of Things infrastructure.

Pediatric Anesthesia: A Guide for the Non-Pediatric Anesthesia is a comprehensive, contemporary reference that addresses all aspects of pediatric anesthesia. Both students and medical practitioners – novice and experienced - will find invaluable educational and practical information in this book. The book covers the subject in two parts.

Part I covers basic information about pediatric and neonatal anatomy and physiology, pharmacology, emergency room and operating room procedures and surgery. Chapters on general anesthetic procedures in emergency rooms, operational theatres and common surgeries.

Part II covers advanced topics for practicing healthcare professionals which include anesthesia for patients with a range of common and uncommon comorbidities, considerations for critically-ill patients, genetic disorders, pain management, COVID-19 guidelines for anesthesia, patient safety and research.

Key features:

- Basic and advanced information about pediatric and neonatal anesthesia covered in 25 chapters over two parts

- Simple and organized presentation for learners

- Contributions by expert clinicians and researchers

- Special topics included such as considerations for patients with comorbidities and genetic disorders

- References for further reading

- Detailed illustrations and tables

The text is an essential reference for scholars and professionals affiliated with general anesthesiology and surgery specialties at all levels who want to understand anesthesia for pediatric patients.

Halogenated pyridines can be used as interesting starting materials in a wide range of organic synthesis methods. Substituted pyridine compounds are used generally as starting materials in the nucleophilic substitution reactions and have unique scaffolds for the construction of other heterocyclic and macrocyclic compounds. They also have important medicinal properties. Due to synthetic difficulties in the synthesis of the highly substituted pyridine derivatives from pyridine itself, perhalopyridines have a special importance in this regard. This book covers the synthetic reactions and applications of perhalopyridines. An introductory chapter introduces the reader to the physical and chemical properties of halopyridines, followed by 3 chapters which focus on pentafluoropyridine, pentachloropyridine and pentabromopyridine, respectively. The focused chapters provide information about synthetic methods and relevant nucleophilic reactions for each of the listed perhalopyridines and their derivatives. The book is a quick reference on perhalopyridines for students of applied chemistry, organic chemistry and chemical engineering.

In Perinatal Cardiology, fetal cardiology experts provide key information on tools for fetal evaluation through echocardiography / cardiac ultrasonography, with a primary focus on the nature and prenatal detection of structural and functional cardiac heart defects (CHDs). In this two-part book, readers will find details about different types of fetal cardiac abnormalities along with important updates on the diagnosis, management, planning delivery, and postnatal treatment in CHD cases. This information is supplemented with guidelines for the clinical management of patients with a fetus affected by cardiovascular defects, and surgical procedures in neonates.

Key Features:

-presents information gathered by experts in perinatal cardiology, organized into 26 topic-based chapters

- explores the cardiac development, fetal cardiovascular hemodynamics, genetic and environmental factors associated with congenital heart defects (CHD), perinatal management, planning delivery, and postnatal treatment of newborns with CHD

- presents information about normal cardiac functions and heart defects to give readers a clear and detailed picture of abnormal cardiac function

- presents information about perinatal ultrasound physiology

- gives practical guidelines for ultrasound and echography parameters required for evaluating fetal heart anatomy and diagnosing diseases

- includes a new system of classifying prenatal CHDs based on the stratification of the risk level of care

- features a straightforward and accessible style of presentation suitable for all readers

- provides references in each chapter for further reading

Part 2 of this two-part set delves into different fetal anomalies such as ventricular inflow anomalies, myocardial and pericardial diseases, cardiac tumors, extra-cardiac conditions, cardiac failure, and environmental factors associated with CHD. The latter chapters cover clinical topics such as labor management for patients bearing a child with CHD, fetal cardiac interventions, clinical management of neonates with CHD and postnatal surgery.

Perinatal Cardiology is an essential reference for postgraduate medical students seeking to improve their knowledge of fetal and pediatric cardiology as part of their residency and professional training. The book equips readers with the information necessary to understand the role of the perinatal cardiologist and goes further to facilitate the ability to perform adequate risk assessments for fetal CHD.

This textbook summarizes preliminary knowledge of bioactive molecules which serve as pharmaceuticals, their use, synthesis and mode of action, as well as the production of commercial constituents such as ethanol, citric acid, antibiotics, amino acid, and vitamins.

The text is written mainly for the undergraduate and graduate levels of study of all Indian universities according to the recently implemented CBCS curriculum in a simple manner while keeping postgraduate course structures in view.

Key Features:

Simple structured layout suitable for learners

- Considers the CBCS curriculum for Indian Institutions

- Covers the subject in 2 parts (Part A: Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Part B: Production)

- Covers several types of pharmaceuticals used in clinical practice

- Covers the fermentation process and the production of antibiotics, pharmaceutical commodities, and nutrients

- Includes an appendix for handy information

This reference summarizes information about pharmaceuticals that can target infectious strains of coronaviruses to neutralize infections. Chapters focus on SARS-CoV-2, drug discovery methods and natural methods to combat the virus, which is a causative agent of COVID-19.

Specifically, the book presents 5 chapters written by expert scholar on the following topics:

Structure-Based Drug Discovery Approaches Applied to SARS-CoV-2 (the causative agent COVID- 19)

Potential Antiviral Medicinal Plants against Novel SARS-CoV-2

Infections Caused by SARS Coronaviruses:

Main Characteristics, Targets and Inhibitors Natural Sourced Traditional Indian and Chinese Medicines to Combat COVID- 19

Peptidomimetic and Peptide-Derived Agents Against 3CLpro from Coronaviruses The book contents present both conventional drug design and traditional approaches to discovering relevant drugs in an easy-to-read approach, which is supplemented by bibliographic references. It is intended as a reference for students (pharmacology, pharmacy) and researchers (virology) who are seeking information about antiviral drugs that can be used against coronaviruses.

Pharmacotherapeutic Management of Cardiovascular Disease Complications is an essential textbook that comprehensively informs the reader about a broad variety of cardiovascular pathologies and their management through drug therapy.

Key Features:

- Features 22 chapters, with 17 chapters dedicated to the management of a wide range of cardiomyopathies and related complications

- Introduces readers to heart anatomy and physiology, for both medical and pharmacology students

- Covers information on cardiovascular disease biomarkers as well as current and new technologies for diagnostic procedures

- Provides additional information on different aspects of cardiovascular disease treatment including etiological factors, prevalence, pathogenesis, clinical symptoms, diagnosis and prevention factors, risk screening and complications

- Informs readers on the role of the clinical pharmacist in patient lifestyle modification for therapeutic plans, helping to reduce cardiovascular disease burden in clinical practice

The broad coverage and easy-to-read organization of the topics covered on the subject make this textbook an ideal reference for medical students and health care professionals such as doctors, nurses, clinical pharmacists, community pharmacists and paramedics.

This reference provides collective information about the physical and photophysical changes of supramolecules after encapsulation. It covers luminescent systems involving a range of host molecules such as calixarenes, cyclodextrin, resorcinanene-crowns, pillararenes, cucurbituril, and metallacycles. Chapters also discuss the effect of the macrocyclic environment on the properties of functionalized molecules, including the variations in folding and unfolding patterns. Each chapter is supplemented with detailed references, making this an ideal resource for scholars interested in supramolecular photophysics.

Gastrointestinal cancer is one of the most prevalent causes of cancer-related deaths in the world. Recent research demonstrates that phytochemicals are critical in preventing and managing gastrointestinal cancer. The increased intake of phytochemicals could reduce the risk of cancer by inhibiting cancer cell proliferation, inducing apoptosis and autophagy, and suppressing angiogenesis as well as cancer cell metastasis. These mechanisms are also known to counter Helicobacter pylori infection and modulate gut microbiota. There is preliminary data suggesting that daily supplementation with high doses of certain vitamins combined with conventional therapeutic agents may enhance their growth inhibitory effects on tumor cells and protect normal tissues against some of their toxic effects. This book attempts to fill gaps on the role of phytonutrients in the treatment of cancer in the gastrointestinal tract (GIT). It discusses the action of individual vitamins on cellular and molecular parameters and describes how vitamins inhibit protein kinase C activity, increase the production of certain growth factors, and modulate the expression of a number of oncogenes. The book is divided into 2 parts. The first part summarizes the pathophysiology of GIT cancers and introduces readers to anticancer phytonutrients. A chapter on the status of FDA approved nutraceuticals rounds up this section. The second part of the book provides a systematic review on the different plant derived chemicals that can be used to treat GIT cancer. Each chapter in this section focuses on a specific type of phytochemical agent and its molecular mechanisms relevant to the disease. This book will give the reader a holistic view of gastrointestinal cancer treatment and the value of natural compounds in developing functional food and drugs for preventive medicine.